springboot kafka怎样实现消息死信队列 - 问答

在Spring Boot中配置Kafka消息死信队列，可以通过以下步骤实现：

添加依赖：首先，确保你的pom.xml文件中包含了Kafka和Spring Kafka的依赖。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置Kafka：在application.yml或application.properties文件中配置Kafka的连接信息。

spring:
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092
    consumer:
      group-id: my-group
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
    producer:
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
      value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

定义死信队列：在Kafka的配置文件中定义死信队列。例如，在application.yml中添加以下配置：

kafka:
  consumer:
    properties:
      max.poll.records: 500
      enable.auto.commit: false
      auto.offset.reset: earliest
      group.id: my-group
      value.deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      key.deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      security.protocol: SSL
      ssl.truststore.location: classpath:truststore.jks
      ssl.truststore.password: password
      ssl.key.store.location: classpath:keystore.jks
      ssl.key.store.password: password
      ssl.key.password: password
      ssl.enabled: true
      properties.security.protocol: SSL
      properties.ssl.truststore.location: classpath:truststore.jks
      properties.ssl.truststore.password: password
      properties.ssl.key.store.location: classpath:keystore.jks
      properties.ssl.key.store.password: password
      properties.ssl.key.password: password
      properties.ssl.enabled: true
  listener:
    simple:
      consumer:
        max-poll-records: 500
        enable-auto-commit: false
        auto-offset-reset: earliest
        group-id: my-group
        value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
        key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
        security-protocol: SSL
        ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
        ssl-truststore-password: password
        ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
        ssl-key-store-password: password
        ssl-key-password: password
        ssl-enabled: true
      topics:
        - my-topic
      group-id: my-group
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      security-protocol: SSL
      ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
      ssl-truststore-password: password
      ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
      ssl-key-store-password: password
      ssl-key-password: password
      ssl-enabled: true

定义死信队列的消费者：创建一个消费者来处理死信队列中的消息。

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class DeadLetterQueueConsumer {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaConsumer<String, String> kafkaConsumer;

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.consumer.topics.dead-letter-topic}", groupId = "${kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    public void listen(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record) {
        System.out.printf("Received record: key = %s, value = %s, partition = %d, offset = %d%n",
                record.key(), record.value(), record.partition(), record.offset());
        // 处理死信队列中的消息
    }
}

定义死信队列的生产者：创建一个生产者来发送消息到死信队列。

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class DeadLetterQueueProducer {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaProducer<String, String> kafkaProducer;

    public void sendToDeadLetterQueue(String topic, String message) {
        kafkaProducer.send(new ProducerRecord<>(topic, message));
    }
}

配置死信队列：在Kafka的配置文件中定义死信队列。例如，在application.yml中添加以下配置：

kafka:
  consumer:
    properties:
      max-poll-records: 500
      enable-auto-commit: false
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      group-id: my-group
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      security-protocol: SSL
      ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
      ssl-truststore-password: password
      ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
      ssl-key-store-password: password
      ssl-key-password: password
      ssl-enabled: true
  listener:
    simple:
      consumer:
        max-poll-records: 500
        enable-auto-commit: false
        auto-offset-reset: earliest
        group-id: my-group
        value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
        key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
        security-protocol: SSL
        ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
        ssl-truststore-password: password
        ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
        ssl-key-store-password: password
        ssl-key-password: password
        ssl-enabled: true
      topics:
        - my-topic
      group-id: my-group
      auto-offset-reset: earliest
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
      security-protocol: SSL
      ssl-truststore-location: classpath:truststore.jks
      ssl-truststore-password: password
      ssl-key-store-location: classpath:keystore.jks
      ssl-key-store-password: password
      ssl-key-password: password
      ssl-enabled: true

通过以上步骤，你就可以在Spring Boot中配置Kafka消息死信队列了。

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