python

multiprocess python如何进行进程间通信

小樊
81
2024-12-06 13:12:09
栏目: 编程语言

在Python中,多进程编程可以通过multiprocessing模块实现。为了在进程之间进行通信,multiprocessing模块提供了几种进程间通信(IPC)机制,包括管道(Pipe)、队列(Queue)、共享内存(Value, Array)和消息传递(Manager)。下面是一些示例:

  1. 管道(Pipe):
from multiprocessing import Process, Pipe

def sender(conn):
    conn.send(['Hello', 'from', 'sender'])
    conn.close()

def receiver(conn):
    message = conn.recv()
    print('Received:', message)
    conn.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    parent_conn, child_conn = Pipe()
    p1 = Process(target=sender, args=(child_conn,))
    p2 = Process(target=receiver, args=(parent_conn,))
    p1.start()
    p2.start()
    p1.join()
    p2.join()
  1. 队列(Queue):
from multiprocessing import Process, Queue

def worker(q):
    q.put('Hello from worker')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    q = Queue()
    p = Process(target=worker, args=(q,))
    p.start()
    print(q.get())
    p.join()
  1. 共享内存(Value, Array):
from multiprocessing import Process, Value, Array
import ctypes

def worker(num):
    num.value += 1

if __name__ == '__main__':
    num = Value(ctypes.c_int, 0)
    p = Process(target=worker, args=(num,))
    p.start()
    p.join()
    print(num.value)
  1. 消息传递(Manager):
from multiprocessing import Process, Manager

def worker(d):
    d['key'] = 'Hello from worker'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    with Manager() as manager:
        d = manager.dict()
        p = Process(target=worker, args=(d,))
        p.start()
        print(d['key'])
        p.join()

这些示例展示了如何使用不同的IPC机制在多进程Python程序中进行通信。你可以根据你的需求选择合适的通信方式。

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