在Ubuntu上配置Docker的步骤如下:
更新系统包列表:
sudo apt update
安装必要的软件包:
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
添加Docker官方GPG密钥:
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
添加Docker的APT仓库:
echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
再次更新系统包列表:
sudo apt update
安装Docker CE及相关组件:
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
启动并设置Docker开机自启动:
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
验证Docker是否安装成功:
docker --version
将当前用户添加到Docker用户组:
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
注意:需要注销并重新登录以应用组更改。
配置国内镜像源以加速Docker拉取(可选):
创建/etc/docker/daemon.json
文件并添加以下内容:
{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",
"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
"https://registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com"
]
}
然后重启Docker服务:
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
镜像操作:
docker search image_name
docker images
docker pull image_name:tag
docker rmi image_id
容器操作:
docker ps -a
docker run -it image_name
docker stop container_id
docker rm container_id
docker exec -it container_id bash
网络和端口:
docker network ls
docker inspect container_id
Docker Compose:
docker-compose.yml
文件并启动服务:docker-compose up -d
docker compose ps
docker compose down
系统资源管理:
docker stats
docker system prune -a