ubuntu

Python在Ubuntu上如何实现并发处理

小樊
37
2025-04-05 15:15:30
栏目: 编程语言

在Ubuntu上使用Python实现并发处理有多种方法,以下是一些常用的方法:

1. 多线程(Threading)

Python的threading模块允许你创建和管理线程。

import threading

def worker():
    """线程要执行的函数"""
    print(f"线程 {threading.current_thread().name} 正在运行")

threads = []
for i in range(5):
    thread = threading.Thread(target=worker)
    threads.append(thread)
    thread.start()

for thread in threads:
    thread.join()

2. 多进程(Multiprocessing)

Python的multiprocessing模块允许你创建和管理进程,每个进程都有自己的Python解释器实例。

import multiprocessing

def worker():
    """进程要执行的函数"""
    print(f"进程 {multiprocessing.current_process().name} 正在运行")

processes = []
for i in range(5):
    process = multiprocessing.Process(target=worker)
    processes.append(process)
    process.start()

for process in processes:
    process.join()

3. 异步编程(Asyncio)

Python的asyncio模块提供了一种基于协程的并发编程方式,适用于I/O密集型任务。

import asyncio

async def worker():
    """协程函数"""
    print("协程正在运行")
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print("协程结束")

async def main():
    tasks = [worker() for _ in range(5)]
    await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

asyncio.run(main())

4. 使用第三方库

还有一些第三方库可以帮助你实现并发处理,例如concurrent.futures

ThreadPoolExecutor

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

def worker():
    """线程要执行的函数"""
    print(f"线程 {threading.current_thread().name} 正在运行")

with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
    futures = [executor.submit(worker) for _ in range(5)]
    for future in futures:
        future.result()

ProcessPoolExecutor

from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor

def worker():
    """进程要执行的函数"""
    print(f"进程 {multiprocessing.current_process().name} 正在运行")

with ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
    futures = [executor.submit(worker) for _ in range(5)]
    for future in futures:
        future.result()

总结

根据你的具体需求选择合适的方法来实现并发处理。

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