ubuntu里php如何实现文件上传 - 问答

在 Ubuntu 系统中，使用 PHP 实现文件上传需要遵循以下步骤：

创建一个 HTML 表单，用于选择和上传文件。将以下代码保存为 upload.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        Select file to upload:
        <input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">
        <input type="submit" value="Upload File" name="submit">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

创建一个 PHP 文件，用于处理文件上传。将以下代码保存为 upload.php：

<?php
$target_dir = "uploads/";
$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);
$uploadOk = 1;
$imageFileType = strtolower(pathinfo($target_file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

// Check if image file is an actual image or fake image
if (isset($_POST["submit"])) {
    $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]);
    if ($check !== false) {
        echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . ".";
        $uploadOk = 1;
    } else {
        echo "File is not an image.";
        $uploadOk = 0;
    }
}

// Check if file already exists
if (file_exists($target_file)) {
    echo "Sorry, file already exists.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check file size
if ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] > 500000) {
    echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Allow certain file formats
if ($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"
&& $imageFileType != "gif") {
    echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an error
if ($uploadOk == 0) {
    echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.";
// if everything is ok, try to upload file
} else {
    if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {
        echo "The file ". htmlspecialchars(basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])). " has been uploaded.";
    } else {
        echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";
    }
}
?>

确保 PHP 和 Web 服务器（如 Apache 或 Nginx）已安装在您的 Ubuntu 系统上。如果尚未安装，可以使用以下命令安装：

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2
sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php

重启 Apache 服务器以应用更改：

sudo systemctl restart apache2

将 upload.html 和 upload.php 文件上传到 Apache 的默认文档根目录（通常为 /var/www/html）：

sudo cp upload.html /var/www/html/
sudo cp upload.php /var/www/html/

在浏览器中访问 http://your_server_ip/upload.html，然后尝试上传一个文件。如果一切正常，您应该能够看到文件已成功上传的消息。

注意：出于安全原因，请确保始终验证和清理用户上传的文件。在上面的示例中，我们仅允许特定类型的图像文件上传。在实际应用中，您可能需要执行更多的安全检查。

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