用 Compton 提升 Linux 稳定性的实用方案
定位与目标
安装与快速启用
sudo apt update && sudo apt install comptonsudo dnf install comptonsudo pacman -S comptoncompton -c ~/.config/compton.conf[Unit]
Description=Compton Window Composer
After=xorg.service
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/compton --config /etc/compton.conf
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
sudo systemctl daemon-reload && sudo systemctl enable --now compton。稳定优先的推荐配置
backend = "glx" # 优先 OpenGL,性能与兼容性通常更好
vsync = "true" # 减少撕裂;若出现卡顿可尝试 "false"
shadow = false # 关闭阴影,显著降低 GPU/CPU 开销
opacity = false # 关闭全局透明,减少合成负担
mark-wmwin-focused = true # 仅对 WM 窗口做焦点特效,减少无效合成
mark-ovredir-focused = true # 仅对覆盖层窗口做焦点特效
use-damage = true # 仅重绘脏区,降低 CPU 占用
refresh-rate = 0 # 0 表示自动检测;也可设为显示器刷新率(如 60/120)
unredir-if-possible = true # 全屏应用直连显示,减少合成干扰与输入延迟
detect-client-leader = true # 更可靠地识别应用主窗口
focus-exclude = [ "class_g='slop'" ] # 可按需排除问题应用
运行监控与资源控制
top/htop 查看 %CPU/%MEM;ps aux | grep compton 获取进程详情。cpulimit -l 50 -p $(pgrep compton)(将 CPU 限制在 50%)[Service] 段按需添加):
CPUQuota=50%MemoryMax=200Msudo systemctl restart compton 或 killall compton && compton -c ~/.config/compton.conf。故障排查与兼容性建议
ps -e | grep compton--log-file /tmp/compton.log --log-level 1)compton。unredir-if-possible 与 focus-exclude,减少全屏/录屏/悬浮窗导致的卡顿或撕裂。