利用CentOS LAMP(Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP)环境进行开发是一个常见的做法,以下是一个详细的步骤指南:
更新系统:
sudo yum update -y
安装必要的软件包:
sudo yum install -y wget
下载并安装Apache:
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y mysql-community-server
启动并启用MySQL服务:
sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
配置MySQL安全设置:
sudo mysql_secure_installation
安装PHP及其扩展:
sudo yum install -y php php-mysqlnd php-gd php-xml php-common php-mbstring php-ldap php-pear php-xmlrpc php-imap
重启Apache以加载PHP模块:
sudo systemctl restart httpd
配置防火墙:
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=https
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
配置SELinux(可选):
sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1
测试LAMP环境: 创建一个PHP文件来测试数据库连接:
sudo nano /var/www/html/index.php
在文件中添加以下内容:
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "myuser";
$password = "mypassword";
$dbname = "mydatabase";
// 创建连接
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
// 检查连接
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "连接成功";
?>
保存并退出编辑器,然后在浏览器中访问服务器的IP地址或域名,你应该看到“连接成功”的消息。
调整内核参数:
编辑 /etc/sysctl.conf
文件,添加或修改以下参数以提高性能:
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = "1024 65535"
net.core.somaxconn = 1024
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 2000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 32768
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
使更改生效:
sudo sysctl -p
关闭不必要的服务:
sudo systemctl stop firewalld
sudo systemctl disable firewalld
启用Opcode缓存(如OPcache):
sudo yum install -y opcache
sudo echo "opcache.enable=1" > /etc/php.d/opcache.ini
sudo systemctl restart httpd
通过以上步骤,你可以在CentOS上成功搭建并优化LAMP环境,适合进行Web开发。