PyTorch中可以使用torch.nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel
类来进行分布式训练。具体步骤如下:
import torch
import torch.distributed as dist
from torch.multiprocessing import Process
def init_process(rank, size, fn, backend='gloo'):
os.environ['MASTER_ADDR'] = 'localhost'
os.environ['MASTER_PORT'] = '1234'
dist.init_process_group(backend, rank=rank, world_size=size)
fn(rank, size)
torch.nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel
对模型进行包装:def train(rank, size):
# 创建模型
model = Model()
model = torch.nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel(model, device_ids=[rank])
# 创建数据加载器
train_loader = DataLoader(...)
# 定义优化器
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(model.parameters(), lr=0.001)
# 训练模型
for epoch in range(num_epochs):
for batch_idx, (data, target) in enumerate(train_loader):
optimizer.zero_grad()
output = model(data)
loss = loss_function(output, target)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
torch.multiprocessing.spawn
启动多个进程来运行训练函数:if __name__ == '__main__':
num_processes = 4
size = num_processes
processes = []
for rank in range(num_processes):
p = Process(target=init_process, args=(rank, size, train))
p.start()
processes.append(p)
for p in processes:
p.join()
以上是一个简单的分布式训练的示例,根据实际情况可以对代码进行进一步的修改和扩展。PyTorch还提供了其他一些用于分布式训练的工具和功能,如torch.distributed
模块和torch.distributed.rpc
模块,可以根据需要选择合适的工具进行分布式训练。