在Debian系统上快速部署Kubernetes(K8s)集群可以通过以下步骤实现。以下是一个基于Debian 12的详细指南:
硬件要求:
系统设置:
/etc/hosts
文件。更新系统:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
安装Docker:
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb [archamd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
禁用Swap:
sudo swapoff -a
sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/1/g' /etc/fstab
安装containerd:
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https curl
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb [archamd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/containerd.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y containerd
sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd
sudo containerd init
sudo systemctl enable --now containerd
sudo systemctl restart containerd
添加Kubernetes APT仓库:
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt update
安装kubelet、kubeadm和kubectl:
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
初始化Kubernetes集群: 在主节点上执行以下命令初始化集群:
sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
配置kubectl:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
安装网络插件(例如Flannel):
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
加入工作节点: 在每个工作节点上,使用初始化时生成的命令将它们加入到集群中:
sudo kubeadm join <master-ip>:6443 --token <token> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:<hash>
kubectl cluster-info
kubectl get nodes
通过以上步骤,你可以在Debian上成功安装并配置一个Kubernetes集群。每一步都有其特定的作用,从设置Docker环境、安装必要的Kubernetes工具,到配置集群的网络和节点。确保严格按照步骤执行,以避免不必要的错误。