Debian PHP 环境下优化 SSL 性能
一 架构与总体思路
二 Nginx 层关键配置
server {
listen 443 ssl http2;
server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/yourdomain.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s;
resolver_timeout 5s;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" always;
# 其他常规优化
gzip on;
gzip_types text/plain text/css application/javascript application/json text/xml application/xml;
}
说明:证书可用 Certbot 自动获取与续期;HTTP/2 与会话复用能显著改善首包与并发性能;OCSP Stapling 减少客户端验证延迟。三 PHP 运行时优化
; /etc/php/8.2/fpm/php.ini 或相应版本路径
[opcache]
zend_extension=opcache.so
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
; /etc/php/8.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
提示:根据服务器内存与业务并发逐步压测微调,避免过高进程数导致内存争用。四 证书与部署要点
sudo apt update
sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx
sudo certbot --nginx -d yourdomain.com -d www.yourdomain.com
五 验证与持续监控
sudo nginx -t && sudo systemctl reload nginx
sudo systemctl restart php8.2-fpm # 视改动范围决定