centos

centos k8s部署怎样实现负载均衡

小樊
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2025-04-25 02:14:18
栏目: 云计算

在CentOS上部署Kubernetes(k8s)集群并实现负载均衡,可以通过以下几种方法:

使用HAProxy和Keepalived实现负载均衡

  1. 安装必要的软件包: 在两台Master节点上安装haproxykeepalived

    yum install haproxy keepalived -y
    
  2. 配置Keepalived: 编辑/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf文件,配置VRRP实例和虚拟IP地址(VIP)。

    global_defs {
        router_id K8S-2
        script_user root
        enable_script_security
    }
    
    vrrp_script check_server {
        script "/etc/keepalived/check.sh"
        interval 3
        weight -10
        fall 2
        rise 2
    }
    
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state MASTER
        interface ens224
        virtual_router_id 51
        priority 100
        advert_int 2
    
        authentication {
            auth_type PASS
            auth_pass 123
        }
    
        virtual_ipaddress {
            192.168.2.254/24
        }
    
        track_script {
            check_server
        }
    }
    
  3. 编写检测脚本: 将检测脚本放在keepalived目录下,用于监控haproxy服务进程。

    #!/usr/bin/env bash
    if pgrep haproxy > /dev/null; then
        true
    else
        systemctl stop keepalived.service
        exit 1
    fi
    
  4. 配置HAProxy: 编辑/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg文件,添加负载均衡配置。

    global
        log /dev/log
        local0
        local1
        notice
        maxconn 4096
        tune.ssl.default-dh-param 2048
        defaults
            log global
            mode http
            option httplog
            option dontlognull
            retries 3
            timeout http-request 10s
            timeout queue 1m
            timeout connect 10s
            timeout client 1m
            timeout server 1m
    
    frontend http-in
        bind *:80
        default_backend servers
    
    backend servers
        balance roundrobin
        server server1 192.168.3.101:80
        server server2 192.168.3.102:80
    
  5. 启动服务并设置为开机自启: 在所有Master节点上执行以下命令。

    systemctl start haproxy.service
    systemctl enable haproxy.service
    systemctl start keepalived.service
    systemctl enable keepalived.service
    

使用Nginx实现负载均衡

  1. 安装Nginx

    yum install nginx -y
    
  2. 配置Nginx: 编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf文件,添加负载均衡配置。

    http {
        upstream backend {
            server backend1.example.com;
            server backend2.example.com;
        }
    
        server {
            listen 80;
            server_name example.com;
    
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://backend;
            }
        }
    }
    
  3. 启动Nginx服务

    systemctl start nginx
    systemctl enable nginx
    

使用Kubernetes内置的负载均衡机制

Kubernetes提供了内置的负载均衡机制,主要通过Service资源类型来实现。

  1. 创建Service: 创建一个类型为LoadBalancer的服务。

    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      name: my-service
    spec:
      selector:
        app: my-app
      ports:
        - protocol: TCP
          port: 80
          targetPort: 9376
      type: LoadBalancer
    
  2. 创建Ingress资源: 对于外部流量的负载均衡,可以使用Ingress资源。

    apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
    kind: Ingress
    metadata:
      name: my-ingress
    spec:
      rules:
      - http:
          paths:
          - path: /
            pathType: Prefix
            backend:
              service:
                name: my-service
                port:
                  number: 80
    

通过以上方法,可以在CentOS上部署Kubernetes集群并实现负载均衡。选择哪种方法取决于具体的需求和环境。

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