debian

Debian系统中Golang日志轮转策略

小樊
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2025-08-15 12:41:06
栏目: 编程语言

在Debian系统中,Golang应用程序的日志轮转策略可以通过配置日志库或者使用系统级的日志轮转工具来实现。以下是两种常见的方法:

方法一:配置Golang日志库

Golang标准库中的log包不支持日志轮转,但你可以使用第三方日志库,如logruszap,它们提供了日志轮转的功能。

logrus为例,你可以使用lumberjack库来实现日志轮转。首先,安装lumberjack

go get github.com/natefinch/lumberjack

然后,在你的Golang代码中配置logrus使用lumberjack进行日志轮转:

package main

import (
	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
	"gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2"
)

func main() {
	logrus.SetOutput(&lumberjack.Logger{
		Filename:   "/var/log/myapp.log", // 日志文件路径
		MaxSize:    10,                 // 单个日志文件最大尺寸(MB)
		MaxBackups: 3,                  // 保留的最大日志文件数量
		MaxAge:     28,                 // 保留的最大日志文件天数
		Compress:   true,               // 是否压缩旧日志文件
	})

	logrus.Info("This is an info message")
}

方法二:使用系统级日志轮转工具

Debian系统通常使用rsyslogsyslog-ng作为系统级日志服务。你可以将Golang应用程序的日志输出到系统日志,然后使用这些工具进行日志轮转。

rsyslog为例,首先确保rsyslog已安装并运行:

sudo apt-get install rsyslog
sudo systemctl start rsyslog
sudo systemctl enable rsyslog

然后,修改Golang应用程序的日志输出,将其发送到rsyslog。例如,使用log/syslog包:

package main

import (
	"log"
	"log/syslog"
)

func main() {
	sysLog, err := syslog.New(syslog.LOG_INFO, "myapp")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Failed to connect to syslog: %v", err)
	}
	defer sysLog.Close()

	sysLog.Info("This is an info message")
}

接下来,配置rsyslog以处理来自Golang应用程序的日志。编辑/etc/rsyslog.conf/etc/rsyslog.d/50-default.conf文件,添加以下内容:

# Load the IMUXSocket module which provides the ability to receive messages via a local socket.
module(load="imuxsock") # provides support for local system logging

# Provides UDP syslog reception.
module(load="imudp")
input(type="imudp" port="514")

# Provides TCP syslog reception.
module(load="imtcp")
input(type="imtcp" port="514")

# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log

# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
kern.*                                                 /dev/console
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none                /var/log/syslog

# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.*                                              /var/log/auth.log

# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
kern.*                                                 /dev/console
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none                /var/log/syslog

# Log any message with level crit or higher to the console.
*.crit                                                /dev/console

# Log authpriv events (e.g., login) to the console.
authpriv.*                                              /dev/console

# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.*                                                  -/var/log/maillog

# Log cron stuff
cron.*                                                  /var/log/cron.log

# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg                                                 *

# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit                                          /var/log/spooler

# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.*                                                /var/log/boot.log

最后,重启rsyslog服务以应用更改:

sudo systemctl restart rsyslog

现在,Golang应用程序的日志将被发送到rsyslog,并使用rsyslog的配置进行轮转。

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