Linux Compton与KDE Plasma如何搭配使用

Installing Compton on Linux
To use Compton with KDE Plasma, first install it via your system’s package manager. For Debian-based systems (e.g., Ubuntu), run:

sudo apt update && sudo apt install compton

For Red Hat-based systems (e.g., Fedora), use:

sudo dnf install compton

This installs the lightweight X11 window compositor, which enhances desktop animations and transparency.

Configuring Compton for Performance and Effects
Create a custom configuration file to tailor Compton’s behavior. The default location is ~/.config/compton.conf (or ~/.compton.conf for older versions). A sample configuration with optimizations for performance and aesthetics:

backend = "glx";  # Use OpenGL for better performance (alternative: "xrender")
shadow-exclude = [ "class_g = \"Firefox\"", "class_g = \"GIMP\"" ];  # Exclude resource-heavy apps from shadows
opacity = 0.95;   # Set window transparency (0.0–1.0)
vsync = true;     # Enable vertical sync to reduce screen tearing
frame-rate = 30;  # Limit frame rate to 30 FPS to lower CPU usage
cache-size = 100M; # Allocate 100MB for texture caching

Adjust parameters like shadow-exclude (to avoid lag in specific apps) or frame-rate (for older hardware) as needed.

Integrating Compton with KDE Plasma
KDE Plasma defaults to its native KWin compositor, so you must manually switch to Compton. Follow these steps:

1. Open System Settings in KDE Plasma.
2. Navigate to Workspace Behavior > Window Management > Window Composition.
3. In the Window Compositor dropdown, select Compton.
4. Click Apply to activate Compton as the active compositor.

Setting Up Compton to Start at Boot
To ensure Compton launches automatically with KDE Plasma, add it to your desktop environment’s autostart programs:

1. Open System Settings > Startup and Shutdown > Autostart.
2. Click Add Program and enter:
   • Name: Compton
   • Command: compton --config ~/.config/compton.conf
3. Click Add to save the entry. Compton will now start whenever you log into KDE Plasma.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Compatibility Problems: If you experience window flickering, transparency issues, or app crashes, disable KWin’s built-in effects (via System Settings > Workspace Behavior > Window Effects) and test Compton alone.
• Wayland Limitation: Compton only works with X11. If you’re using Wayland (default in newer KDE Plasma versions), switch to an X11 session at login (select “Plasma (X11)” from the gear icon).
• Performance Tuning: For low-end hardware, reduce frame-rate (e.g., to 20 FPS) or disable unnecessary features like shadows (shadow = false) in the configuration file.