在Debian上实现JSP项目负载均衡,常用方案是以Nginx或HAProxy作为反向代理,搭配多个Tomcat实例,具体步骤如下:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx tomcat9 # 安装Nginx和Tomcat9
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
或 /etc/nginx/conf.d/load_balancer.conf
,添加以下内容:http {
upstream tomcat_servers {
server 127.0.0.1:8080; # Tomcat实例1
server 127.0.0.1:8081; # Tomcat实例2
# 可选负载均衡策略:round-robin(默认)、least_conn、ip_hash
least_conn; # 最少连接数策略
}
server {
listen 80;
location / {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_servers;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
}
}
sudo systemctl restart nginx
sudo apt install haproxy
/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
,添加后端服务器配置:frontend http_front
bind *:80
default_backend http_back
backend http_back
balance roundrobin # 轮询策略
server tomcat1 127.0.0.1:8080 check
server tomcat2 127.0.0.1:8081 check
sudo systemctl restart haproxy
ip_hash
策略,或配置Tomcat的会话复制功能。以上方案可根据实际需求选择,Nginx适合Web场景,HAProxy适合复杂负载均衡需求。