Python 的 cmd
模块本身并不是为数据库操作设计的,但它可以用于执行任何 Python 命令,包括与数据库进行交互的命令。如果你想在命令行中使用 Python 来操作数据库,你可以使用特定的数据库驱动程序或库,如 sqlite3
(用于 SQLite 数据库)、pymysql
(用于 MySQL 数据库)或 psycopg2
(用于 PostgreSQL 数据库)等。
以下是一些示例,展示了如何使用 Python 的 cmd
模块与不同类型的数据库进行交互:
import sqlite3
import cmd
class SQLiteCmd(cmd.Cmd):
prompt = 'sqlite> '
def do_create(self, arg):
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute(arg)
conn.commit()
conn.close()
print('Table created.')
def do_insert(self, arg):
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')
c = conn.cursor()
values = arg.split(',')
c.execute("INSERT INTO mytable (col1, col2) VALUES (?, ?)", values)
conn.commit()
conn.close()
print('Record inserted.')
def do_select(self, arg):
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute(arg)
rows = c.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
conn.close()
def do_exit(self, arg):
print('Exiting.')
return True
if __name__ == '__main__':
SQLiteCmd().cmdloop()
import pymysql
import cmd
class MySQLCmd(cmd.Cmd):
prompt = 'mysql> '
def do_connect(self, arg):
conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='user', password='password', db='database')
self.conn = conn
print('Connected.')
def do_create(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(arg)
self.conn.commit()
print('Table created.')
def do_insert(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
values = arg.split(',')
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO mytable (col1, col2) VALUES (%s, %s)", values)
self.conn.commit()
print('Record inserted.')
def do_select(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(arg)
rows = cursor.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
def do_exit(self, arg):
print('Exiting.')
self.conn.close()
return True
if __name__ == '__main__':
MySQLCmd().cmdloop()
import psycopg2
import cmd
class PostgreSQLCmd(cmd.Cmd):
prompt = 'postgres> '
def do_connect(self, arg):
conn = psycopg2.connect(host='localhost', user='user', password='password', dbname='database')
self.conn = conn
print('Connected.')
def do_create(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(arg)
self.conn.commit()
print('Table created.')
def do_insert(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
values = arg.split(',')
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO mytable (col1, col2) VALUES (%s, %s)", values)
self.conn.commit()
print('Record inserted.')
def do_select(self, arg):
with self.conn.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(arg)
rows = cursor.fetchall()
for row in rows:
print(row)
def do_exit(self, arg):
print('Exiting.')
self.conn.close()
return True
if __name__ == '__main__':
PostgreSQLCmd().cmdloop()
这些示例展示了如何使用 Python 的 cmd
模块创建一个简单的命令行界面,用于执行数据库操作。你可以根据需要扩展这些示例,添加更多的命令和功能。