Ubuntu 分卷备份策略
一 策略总览
二 常用分卷方法
文件系统级分卷(tar + split)
sudo tar czvf - /home /var | split -b 900M - backup_$(date +%F).tar.gz.
cat backup_*.tar.gz.* > backup_$(date +%F).tar.gz
tar tzf backup_$(date +%F).tar.gz # 校验
tar xzvf backup_$(date +%F).tar.gz -C /restore/path
块设备级分卷(dd + split)
sudo dd if=/dev/sda bs=4M status=progress | split -b 4G - system_backup.img.
sudo dd if=/dev/sda bs=4M status=progress | gzip | split -b 4G - system_backup.img.gz.
cat system_backup.img.* > system_backup.img
sudo dd if=system_backup.img of=/dev/sda bs=4M status=progress
# 若采用压缩分卷:
cat system_backup.img.gz.* | gunzip | sudo dd of=/dev/sda bs=4M status=progress
三 一致性保障与场景化建议
sudo docker run --rm \
-v mysql_data:/source \
-v /backup/volumes:/dest \
alpine sh -c "tar -zcvf - -C /source . | pv -s \$(du -sb /source | awk '{print \$1}') > /dest/mysql_data_$(date +%F).tar.gz"
四 自动化与验证