centos

centos k8s应用怎样部署

小樊
46
2025-07-10 22:29:19
栏目: 智能运维

在CentOS上部署Kubernetes(k8s)并部署应用的步骤如下:

准备工作

  1. 配置主机名
    hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
    
  2. 关闭防火墙
    systemctl stop firewalld
    systemctl disable firewalld
    
  3. 关闭SELinux
    sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
    setenforce 0
    
  4. 关闭swap
    swapoff -a
    sed -i '/ swap / s/1/g' /etc/fstab
    
  5. 设置时区
    timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
    
  6. 时间同步
    yum install ntp
    ntpdate time.windows.com
    
  7. 配置网络: 编辑 /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf 文件,添加以下内容:
    net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
    
    然后应用配置:
    sysctl --system
    

安装Docker

  1. 添加Docker镜像源
    curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
    
  2. 安装Docker CE
    yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
    
  3. 启动并使Docker服务开机自启
    systemctl start docker
    systemctl enable docker
    

安装Kubernetes组件

  1. 添加Kubernetes镜像源
    cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
    [kubernetes]
    name=Kubernetes
    baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
    repo_gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
    EOF
    
  2. 安装kubeadm, kubelet, kubectl
    yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl --disable-gpg-check
    
  3. 启动并使kubelet服务开机自启
    systemctl enable kubelet
    systemctl start kubelet
    

初始化Kubernetes集群

  1. 初始化Master节点
    kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
    
  2. 配置kubectl
    mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
    sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
    sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
    

部署网络插件

  1. 部署Flannel网络插件
    kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
    

部署应用

  1. 创建Nginx Deployment和Service的YAML文件nginx-deployment.yaml
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      name: nginx-deployment
    spec:
      replicas: 3
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: nginx
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: nginx
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: nginx
            image: nginx:latest
            ports:
            - containerPort: 80
    
    nginx-service.yaml
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      name: nginx-service
    spec:
      selector:
        app: nginx
      ports:
      - protocol: TCP
        port: 80
        targetPort: 80
      type: LoadBalancer
    
  2. 应用配置
    kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
    kubectl apply -f nginx-service.yaml
    

验证部署

  1. 获取Service的External IP
    kubectl get svc nginx-service
    
  2. 访问External IP,确认Nginx服务正常运行

加入工作节点

在工作节点上执行初始化命令:

sudo kubeadm join master-ip:master-port --token token --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:hash

监控和管理

  1. 安装监控工具(例如Prometheus和Grafana)
    kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/prometheus-operator/prometheus-operator/master/bundle.yaml
    
  2. 使用kubectl进行日常管理
    • 查看Pod状态:
      kubectl get pods
      
    • 查看Service状态:
      kubectl get services
      

备份与恢复

  1. 备份etcd数据
    etcdctl snapshot save /var/lib/etcd/backup.db
    
  2. 恢复etcd数据
    etcdctl snapshot restore /var/lib/etcd/backup.db
    

通过以上步骤,你可以在CentOS上成功部署Kubernetes集群并应用部署。根据实际需求,可以进一步优化和扩展集群功能。

0
看了该问题的人还看了