在Debian上使用PHP缓存可以通过多种方式实现，以下是一些常见的方法：
OPcache是PHP的一个内置扩展，可以显著提高PHP脚本的执行速度。它通过将PHP脚本编译成字节码并缓存起来，避免了每次请求时都重新编译脚本的开销。
大多数现代的PHP版本默认已经包含了OPcache。你可以通过以下命令检查是否已安装：
php -m | grep opcache
如果没有安装，可以使用以下命令安装：
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php-opcache
编辑PHP配置文件（通常是/etc/php/7.x/cli/php.ini或/etc/php/7.x/apache2/php.ini），添加或修改以下配置：
[opcache]
zend_extension=opcache.so
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
Redis和Memcached是两种流行的内存缓存系统，可以与PHP结合使用来缓存数据。
sudo apt update
sudo apt install redis-server
# 或者
sudo apt install memcached
安装用于连接Redis或Memcached的PHP扩展：
sudo apt install php-redis
# 或者
sudo apt install php-memcached
编辑PHP配置文件，添加或修改以下配置：
[redis]
extension=redis.so
redis.host=localhost
redis.port=6379
# 或者
[memory_cache]
extension=memcached.so
memcached.sess_consistency=false
memcached.sess_prefix=phpsess_
memcached.sess_lock_wait=1000
memcached.sess_lock_timeout=1000
memcached.sess_lock_retry_interval=1000
memcached.sess_lock_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout=1000
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry=1000
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval=1000
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max=1000
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts=10
memcached.sess_lock_acquired_timeout_retry_interval_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts_max_attempts max_attempts=10
APCu是APCu（Alternative PHP Cache for User Data）的缩写，是APC的一个用户空间版本，专门用于缓存用户数据。
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php-apcu
编辑PHP配置文件，添加或修改以下配置：
[apcu]
extension=apcu.so
apcu.enable_cli=1
apcu.shm_size=32M
apcu.ttl=7200
apcu.gc_ttl=3600
以上是在Debian上使用PHP缓存的几种常见方法。你可以根据自己的需求选择合适的缓存方案。通常情况下，OPcache是首选，因为它内置于PHP中，配置简单且效果显著。如果需要更复杂的缓存策略，可以考虑使用Redis或Memcached。