C语言和Python是两种不同的编程语言,它们在爬虫方面的用法也有所不同
C语言是一种静态类型、编译型的编程语言。在C语言中,我们可以使用libcurl
库来实现HTTP请求,使用htmlcxx
库来解析HTML文档。以下是一个简单的C语言爬虫示例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <htmlcxx/html/ParserDom.h>
static size_t WriteCallback(void *contents, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp)
{
((std::string*)userp)->append((char*)contents, size * nmemb);
return size * nmemb;
}
int main()
{
CURL *curl;
CURLcode res;
std::string url = "https://example.com";
std::string html;
curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);
curl = curl_easy_init();
if(curl) {
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, url.c_str());
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, WriteCallback);
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &html);
res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
if(res != CURLE_OK)
fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n", curl_easy_strerror(res));
curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
}
curl_global_cleanup();
htmlcxx::html::ParserDom parser;
html::Node *root = parser.parseTree(html);
for (auto it = root->childBegin(); it != root->childEnd(); ++it) {
if (it->tagName() == "a") {
auto attr = it->getAttribute("href");
printf("Link: %s\n", attr.c_str());
}
}
return 0;
}
Python是一种动态类型、解释型的编程语言。Python有丰富的库支持爬虫开发,如requests
库用于发送HTTP请求,BeautifulSoup
库用于解析HTML文档。以下是一个简单的Python爬虫示例:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
url = "https://example.com"
response = requests.get(url)
html = response.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
for link in soup.find_all("a"):
href = link.get("href")
print("Link:", href)
总结:
根据你的需求和编程经验,可以选择合适的语言进行爬虫开发。