在ASP.NET Core中,使用Json Web Token (JWT)进行身份验证时,有时需要刷新令牌。为了实现这一点,你可以使用Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer
包中的RefreshToken
功能。以下是如何刷新令牌的步骤:
Startup.cs
文件中为JWT身份验证配置了RefreshToken
中间件:public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// ...其他服务配置...
services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
.AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.RequireHttpsMetadata = true;
options.SaveToken = true;
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["JwtSecret"])),
ValidateIssuer = false,
ValidateAudience = false
};
})
.AddJwtBearer<JwtBearerOptions>(options =>
{
options.SaveToken = true;
})
.AddRefreshToken();
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
// ...其他中间件配置...
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
// ...其他中间件配置...
}
[Authorize]
属性保护需要身份验证的路由。同时,添加一个用于处理令牌刷新的端点:[Authorize]
public class AccountController : ControllerBase
{
// ...其他控制器方法...
[HttpPost("refresh-token")]
public async Task<IActionResult> RefreshToken([FromBody] RefreshTokenRequest request)
{
var claims = new[]
{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, request.Username),
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, request.Email)
};
var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(claims, JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
var tokenHandler = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler();
var key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["JwtSecret"]);
var tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor
{
Subject = principal,
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(30),
SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(new SymmetricSecurityKey(key), SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature)
};
var newToken = tokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);
var newJwtToken = tokenHandler.WriteToken(newToken);
return Ok(new JwtTokenResponse { Token = newJwtToken });
}
}
RefreshTokenRequest
模型,用于接收客户端发送的刷新令牌请求:public class RefreshTokenRequest
{
public string Username { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
public string RefreshToken { get; set; }
}
JwtTokenResponse
模型,用于返回新的JWT令牌:public class JwtTokenResponse
{
public string Token { get; set; }
}
现在,当客户端的访问令牌过期时,它可以发送一个包含刷新令牌的请求到/account/refresh-token
端点。服务器将验证刷新令牌,生成一个新的JWT令牌,并将其返回给客户端。