在Debian上配置Kubernetes集群涉及多个步骤,包括系统准备、安装必要的软件包、配置网络、初始化主节点以及添加工作节点等。以下是一个详细的步骤指南:
硬件要求:
系统更新:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
安装Docker:
sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [archamd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io -y
sudo systemctl enable --now docker
sudo systemctl enable containerd
sudo systemctl start containerd
关闭Swap分区:
sudo swapoff -a
sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/1/0/g' /etc/fstab
配置网络:
/etc/hosts
文件,以便节点之间可以相互解析。添加Kubernetes apt仓库:
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt update
安装kubelet、kubeadm和kubectl:
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
初始化主节点:
sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
配置kubectl:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
安装网络插件(以Flannel为例):
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
在每个工作节点上执行从主节点初始化中获得的join
命令,将它们加入集群:
sudo kubeadm join <master-ip>:<master-port> --token <token> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:<hash>
检查集群状态:
kubectl cluster-info
kubectl get nodes
验证Pod网络:
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
部署示例应用程序(如Nginx):
kubectl create deployment nginx-app --image=nginx --replicas=2
kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --name=nginx-web-svc --type=NodePort --port=80 --target-port=80
kubectl describe svc nginx-web-svc
curl http://<node-ip>:31743
以上步骤涵盖了在Debian系统上配置Kubernetes集群的基本流程。请根据实际需求和环境调整细节。