在CentOS上进行C++网络编程入门,可以参考以下步骤:
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum install glibc-devel
libevent
或者 Boost.Asio
,你可以使用 yum
来安装它们:sudo yum install libevent-devel
# 或者对于Boost
sudo yum install boost-devel
socket()
函数创建一个套接字。bind()
函数将套接字绑定到一个地址上。listen()
函数监听传入的连接请求。accept()
函数接受客户端的连接请求,从而创建一个新的套接字来处理客户端的请求。send()
和 recv()
函数来发送和接收数据。close()
函数来关闭套接字。以下是一个简单的TCP服务器和客户端示例代码:
服务器端代码示例:
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main() {
int server_fd, new_socket;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int addrlen = sizeof(address);
char buffer[1024] = {0};
char *hello = "Hello from server";
// 创建套接字文件描述符
if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
perror("socket failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
address.sin_port = htons(8080);
// 绑定套接字到端口
if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
perror("bind failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 监听端口
if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
perror("listen");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 接受连接
if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t *)&addrlen)) < 0) {
perror("accept");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
read(new_socket, buffer, 1024);
std::cout << "Message from client: " << buffer << std::endl;
send(new_socket, hello, strlen(hello), 0);
std::cout << "Hello message sent" << std::endl;
close(new_socket);
close(server_fd);
return 0;
}
客户端代码示例:
#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main() {
int sock = 0;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char *hello = "Hello from client";
char buffer[1024] = {0};
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
std::cout << "\n Socket creation error \n";
return -1;
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(8080);
// Convert IPv4 and IPv6 addresses from text to binary form
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
std::cout << "\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n";
return -1;
}
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
std::cout << "\nConnection Failed \n";
return -1;
}
send(sock, hello, strlen(hello), 0);
std::cout << "Hello message sent" << std::endl;
read(sock, buffer, 1024);
std::cout << "Server: " << buffer << std::endl;
close(sock);
return 0;
}
使用 g++
编译服务器和客户端代码:
g++ -o tcp_server tcp_server.cpp
g++ -o tcp_client tcp_client.cpp
在终端中运行服务器:
./tcp_server
在另一个终端中运行客户端:
./tcp_client
使用 netstat
、tcpdump
等网络调试工具来检查网络连接和数据传输。确保防火墙设置允许你的程序使用的端口通信。
通过以上步骤,你可以开始在CentOS上进行C++网络编程入门。不断实践和学习,你将能够创建更复杂的网络应用程序。