在Debian上部署Kubernetes(K8s)时,有几个关键的注意事项需要考虑,以确保集群的稳定性和安全性。以下是一些主要的注意事项:
关闭Swap分区:
sudo swapoff -a
/etc/fstab
文件,并注释掉包含“swap”的行。配置内核参数:
sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables
和 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
。禁用防火墙:
sudo systemctl stop firewalld
sudo systemctl disable firewalld
选择合适的容器运行时:
containerd
或 CRI-O
。以下是安装 containerd
的步骤:sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.lists
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y containerd
sudo systemctl enable containerd
sudo systemctl start containerd
配置kubelet:
kubelet
配置正确,例如:sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf
sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf << EOF
[Service]
KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart kubelet
选择网络插件:
Calico
:wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
统一时区时间:
ntpdate
或 timedatectl
统一时区时间:sudo apt install ntpdate
sudo ntpdate time.windows.com
或sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
系统要求:
添加Kubernetes APT仓库:
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.lists
sudo apt update
验证安装:
kubectl get nodes
kubectl cluster-info
通过注意这些关键点,你可以确保在Debian上部署Kubernetes集群时避免常见的问题,并确保集群的稳定性和安全性。务必仔细执行每个步骤,并根据实际情况进行调整和优化。