在CentOS上利用GPU加速Fortran程序,通常需要以下几个步骤:
确认GPU兼容性:
安装CUDA Toolkit(针对NVIDIA GPU):
sudo sh cuda_<version>_linux.run
/usr/local/cuda)。配置环境变量:
~/.bashrc文件,添加以下行:export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
source ~/.bashrc
安装GPU加速库:
编写或修改Fortran程序:
编译Fortran程序:
gfortran配合CUDA支持。gfortran -o myprogram myprogram.f90 -lcudart
运行程序:
./myprogram
调试和优化:
nvprof或NVIDIA Nsight Systems)进行性能分析和调试。假设你有一个简单的Fortran程序,想要使用CUDA加速:
! myprogram.f90
program main
use cudafor
implicit none
integer :: i, n = 1024
real, device :: d_a(n), d_b(n), d_c(n)
! Initialize data on host
do i = 1, n
d_a(i) = sin(real(i))
d_b(i) = cos(real(i))
end do
! Allocate memory on device
call cudaMalloc(d_a)
call cudaMalloc(d_b)
call cudaMalloc(d_c)
! Copy data from host to device
call cudaMemcpy(d_a, d_a, n * sizeof(real), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice)
call cudaMemcpy(d_b, d_b, n * sizeof(real), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice)
! Launch kernel
call add_kernel(d_a, d_b, d_c, n)
! Copy result back to host
call cudaMemcpy(d_c, d_c, n * sizeof(real), cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost)
! Free device memory
call cudaFree(d_a)
call cudaFree(d_b)
call cudaFree(d_c)
! Print result
print *, d_c
end program main
! CUDA kernel
subroutine add_kernel(a, b, c, n) bind(c, name="add_kernel")
use cudafor
implicit none
real, intent(in) :: a(*), b(*)
real, intent(out) :: c(*)
integer, intent(in) :: n
integer :: i
!$acc parallel loop copy(a[:n], b[:n]) copyout(c[:n])
do i = 1, n
c(i) = a(i) + b(i)
end do
!$acc end parallel loop
end subroutine add_kernel
编译和运行:
gfortran -o myprogram myprogram.f90 -lcudart -fopenmp
./myprogram
通过以上步骤,你应该能够在CentOS上利用GPU加速你的Fortran程序。