CentOS 下 Python Web 开发起步指南
一 环境准备与 Python 安装
sudo yum install -y epel-releasesudo yum install -y python3 python3-pippython3 --version、pip3 --version二 创建项目与虚拟环境
python3 -m venv venvsource venv/bin/activatedeactivatepip install -U pippip install Flask(或 pip install Django)三 运行第一个 Web 应用 Flask 示例
app.py:
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def hello():
return 'Hello, World!'
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=5000, debug=True)
python app.pydebug=True 便于调试;生产环境请关闭调试并使用 WSGI 服务器。四 生产就绪 Nginx + Gunicorn 部署
sudo yum install -y nginx 与 pip install gunicorngunicorn -b 127.0.0.1:8000 app:appserver {
listen 80;
server_name your_domain.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
sudo systemctl restart nginx五 常见问题与进阶建议
python 命令,可仅添加 python3 软链或在使用时显式调用 python3/pip3。gcc、zlib-devel、bzip2-devel、openssl-devel、readline-devel、libffi-devel 等;若遇到 pip/SSL 相关错误,优先检查并补齐 openssl-devel 后重新编译。sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent && sudo firewall-cmd --reload。