Debian版 Jenkins 部署实战教程
一 环境准备与安装
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y openjdk-11-jdk
curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key \
| sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc > /dev/null
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/" \
| sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y jenkins
sudo systemctl enable --now jenkins
sudo systemctl status jenkins
如使用 UFW,放行端口:sudo ufw allow 8080/tcp
sudo ufw allow 50000/tcp
sudo ufw reload
以上步骤完成后,Jenkins 将以服务方式运行并监听 8080 端口。二 初始化与安全加固
sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
访问 http://<服务器IP>:8080,完成解锁向导。JENKINS_JAVA_OPTIONS="-Djava.awt.headless=true -Duser.timezone=Asia/Shanghai"
修改后重启服务生效:sudo systemctl restart jenkins。三 构建与流水线实战
pipeline {
agent any
stages {
stage('拉取代码') {
steps { git 'git@github.com:your-org/your-repo.git', branch: 'main' }
}
stage('运行测试') {
steps { sh './gradlew test' }
}
stage('构建打包') {
steps { sh './gradlew build' }
}
stage('部署') {
when { branch 'main' }
steps { sh './deploy.sh' }
}
}
post {
always {
echo "构建完成:${currentBuild.fullDisplayName}"
}
}
}
该流程覆盖拉取、测试、构建、条件部署与构建后通知等常见环节。四 可选 Docker 部署
docker pull jenkins/jenkins:lts
docker run -d \
--name jenkins \
-p 8080:8080 -p 50000:50000 \
-v jenkins-data:/var/jenkins_home \
-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
jenkins/jenkins:lts
首次登录同样通过 /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword 获取解锁密码(可在宿主机执行 docker exec jenkins cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword 查看)。五 性能优化与维护