c#

C# Actor模型与普通线程有何区别

小樊
93
2024-09-04 13:04:08
栏目: 编程语言

C#中的Actor模型与普通线程在多个方面存在显著差异。以下是它们之间的主要区别:

隔离性

并发风格

锁和同步

效率

适用场景

实现方式

示例代码

public interface IActor
{
    bool AddMsg(object message);
    Task Start();
    bool Stop(int WaitingTimeout = 100);
}

public abstract class Actor : IDisposable, IActor
{
    public Actor(string name)
    {
        Name = name;
        MailBox = new BlockingCollection<object>();
    }

    public string Name { get; set; }
    public bool Active { get; private set; }
    public bool LongRunning { get; set; } = true;
    public BlockingCollection<object> MailBox { get; set; }
    private Task _task;

    public virtual Task Start()
    {
        if (Active) return _task;
        Active = true;
        // 启动异步
        if (_task == null)
        {
            lock (this)
            {
                if (_task == null)
                {
                    _task = Task.Factory.StartNew(DoActorWork, LongRunning ? TaskCreationOptions.LongRunning : TaskCreationOptions.None);
                }
            }
        }
        return _task;
    }

    public virtual bool Stop(int WaitingTimeout = 100)
    {
        MailBox?.CompleteAdding();
        Active = false;
        if (WaitingTimeout == 0 || _task == null) return true;
        return _task.Wait(WaitingTimeout);
    }

    public virtual bool AddMsg(object message)
    {
        // 自动开始
        if (!Active) { Start(); }
        if (!Active) { return false; }
        MailBox.Add(message);
        return true;
    }

    private void DoActorWork()
    {
        while (true)
        {
            object message = MailBox.Take();
            if (message is null) break;
            ProcessMessage(message);
        }
    }

    protected virtual void ProcessMessage(object message)
    {
        // 处理消息的逻辑
    }
}
public class MultiThreadExample implements Runnable
{
    private string threadName;

    public MultiThreadExample(string name)
    {
        this.threadName = name;
    }

    public void run()
    {
        System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " starting.");
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " running. Count: " + i);
            try
            {
                Thread.Sleep(1000);
            }
            catch (InterruptedException e)
            {
                System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " interrupted.");
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " exiting.");
    }

    public static void main(string[] args)
    {
        System.out.println("Main thread starting.");
        MultiThreadExample thread1 = new MultiThreadExample("Thread 1");
        MultiThreadExample thread2 = new MultiThreadExample("Thread 2");
        Thread t1 = new Thread(thread1);
        Thread t2 = new Thread(thread2);
        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        System.out.println("Main thread exiting.");
    }
}

通过这些对比,可以看出C# Actor模型在并发编程中提供了更高的抽象级别、更好的隔离性和效率,适用于高并发场景。而普通线程则更适用于需要共享内存和资源的场景,但需要更精细的并发控制。

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