在Debian上部署Kubernetes高可用集群涉及多个步骤,包括服务器准备、系统配置、安装Docker、配置kubelet和kubeadm、初始化Master节点、加入Worker节点、设置网络插件等。以下是一个详细的步骤指南:
/etc/hosts
文件中添加节点IP和主机名的映射。在所有节点上安装Docker并配置为开机自启:
sudo apt updates
sudo apt install -y docker.io
sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker
在所有节点上安装containerd并配置其运行时参数:
sudo apt install -y containerd
sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd
sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml <<EOF
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
Path = "/usr/local/bin/runc"
RuntimeArgs = []
EOF
sudo modprobe overlay
sudo modprobe br_netfilter
sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-k8s.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system
sudo systemctl enable containerd
sudo systemctl start containerd
添加Kubernetes的apt仓库并安装kubelet、kubeadm和kubectl:
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl
在Master节点上使用kubeadm初始化集群:
sudo kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint k8s-master:6443 --upload-certs --pod-network-cidr 10.244.0.0/16
在工作节点上使用从Master节点初始化中获得的命令加入集群:
sudo kubeadm join k8s-master:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:186e7256966f0e2b3485a3b3ab15a0f1357195745e3d2fa6e9f386cfc24ecc5d
安装并配置网络插件,例如Calico:
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
验证集群是否正常运行:
kubectl get nodes
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
对于生产环境,建议配置etcd集群以实现高可用性:
sudo apt install -y keepalived haproxy
# 配置keepalived
sudo cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf.backups
sudo vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
# ... 配置keepalived.conf ...
sudo systemctl enable keepalived
sudo systemctl start keepalived
通过以上步骤,你可以在Debian上部署一个高可用的Kubernetes集群。请根据实际需求和环境调整配置。