在 SQL Server 中设置主从数据库权限涉及几个关键步骤,以确保数据的安全性和完整性。以下是一个基本的指南:
创建用户和角色:
ReplicationReader
),并授予该角色对主数据库的读取权限。-- 创建用户
CREATE USER [ReplicationUser] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
-- 授予角色
ALTER ROLE [ReplicationReader] ADD MEMBER [ReplicationUser];
-- 授予角色对主数据库的读取权限
GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO [ReplicationReader];
配置复制:
-- 启用复制
ALTER DATABASE [YourDatabaseName] SET REPLICATION;
-- 创建发布
EXEC sp_addpublication @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @description = 'YourDescription';
-- 配置发布选项
EXEC sp_publish @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @article = 'YourArticleName', @type = 'none';
创建用户和角色:
ReplicationSubscriber
),并授予该角色对从数据库的写入权限。-- 创建用户
CREATE USER [ReplicationUser] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
-- 授予角色
ALTER ROLE [ReplicationSubscriber] ADD MEMBER [ReplicationUser];
-- 授予角色对从数据库的写入权限
GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO [ReplicationSubscriber];
配置订阅:
-- 创建订阅
EXEC sp_addsubscription @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @subscriber = 'YourSubscriberServer', @subscriber_db = 'YourSubscriberDatabase', @connection_string = 'YourConnectionString';
检查权限:
ReplicationUser
只有读取权限。ReplicationSubscriber
只有写入权限。审计和日志:
以下是一个完整的示例脚本,展示了如何在主从数据库中设置权限:
-- 主数据库配置
USE [YourDatabaseName];
-- 创建用户
CREATE USER [ReplicationUser] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
-- 授予角色
ALTER ROLE [ReplicationReader] ADD MEMBER [ReplicationUser];
-- 授予角色对主数据库的读取权限
GRANT SELECT ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO [ReplicationReader];
-- 启用复制
ALTER DATABASE [YourDatabaseName] SET REPLICATION;
-- 创建发布
EXEC sp_addpublication @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @description = 'YourDescription';
-- 配置发布选项
EXEC sp_publish @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @article = 'YourArticleName', @type = 'none';
-- 从数据库配置
USE [YourSubscriberDatabase];
-- 创建用户
CREATE USER [ReplicationUser] FROM EXTERNAL PROVIDER;
-- 授予角色
ALTER ROLE [ReplicationSubscriber] ADD MEMBER [ReplicationUser];
-- 授予角色对从数据库的写入权限
GRANT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO [ReplicationSubscriber];
-- 创建订阅
EXEC sp_addsubscription @publication = 'YourPublicationName', @subscriber = 'YourSubscriberServer', @subscriber_db = 'YourSubscriberDatabase', @connection_string = 'YourConnectionString';
通过以上步骤,您可以在 SQL Server 中设置主从数据库的权限,确保数据的安全性和完整性。