Debian系统启动时dmesg显示什么

在Debian系统启动时，dmesg命令会显示内核环缓冲区的内容，这些内容通常包括硬件检测、驱动程序加载、文件系统挂载、内核模块初始化等信息。以下是一些常见的启动信息：

1. 硬件检测：

   [    0.000000] Linux version 5.10.0-14-amd64 (debian-kernel@lists.debian.org) (gcc version 11.2.0 (Debian 11.2.0-1)) #1 SMP Debian 5.10.68-2 (2022-01-30)
   [    0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.10.0-14-amd64 root=UUID=your-uuid ro quiet
   [    0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
   

2. CPU和内存信息：

   [    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
   [    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
   [    0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
   

3. 硬件设备初始化：

   [    0.000000] ACPI: Added _OSI(Module Device)
   [    0.000000] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Device)
   [    0.000000] ACPI: Added _OSI(3.0 _SCP Extensions)
   [    0.000000] ACPI: Added _OSI(Processor Aggregator Device)
   

4. 驱动程序加载：

   [    0.000000] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
   [    0.000000] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
   [    0.000000] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
   

5. 文件系统挂载：

   [    0.000000] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
   

6. 内核模块初始化：

   [    0.000000] r8169 0000:02:00.0 eth0: link up
   [    0.000000] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
   

7. 系统服务和守护进程启动：

   [    0.000000] systemd-udevd[323]: starting version 245
   [    0.000000] systemd-udevd[323]: starting version 245
   

这些信息可以帮助你了解系统启动过程中的各个阶段和硬件设备的状态。如果你遇到启动问题，dmesg的输出通常会提供有用的线索来诊断问题。