在Debian上部署和优化Kubernetes(K8s)集群涉及多个方面,包括硬件选择、软件配置、资源管理和监控等。以下是一些关键步骤和最佳实践,帮助你在Debian上实现高性能的Kubernetes环境。
sudo swapoff -a
sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/1/g' /etc/fstab
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y containerd
kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml
curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
/etc/hosts
文件中添加节点IP和主机名的映射。sudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node1
echo "192.168.0.31 k8s-node1" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
、net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables
和net.ipv4.ip_forward
。cat << eof > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s-sysctl.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
user.max_user_namespaces=28633
vm.swappiness = 0
eof
sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s-sysctl.conf
sudo apt install -y ipset ipvsadm
sudo modprobe -- ip_vs
sudo modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
sudo modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
sudo modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
sudo modprobe -- nf_conntrack
cat << eof > /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
ip_vs
ip_vs_rr
ip_vs_wrr
ip_vs_sh
nf_conntrack
eof
sudo modprobe -a /etc/modules-load.d/ipvs.conf
设置监控和日志系统,如Prometheus、Grafana和ELK Stack(Elasticsearch、Logstash、Kibana),以监控集群的健康状况和性能。
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
通过遵循这些步骤和最佳实践,你可以在Debian上成功部署和管理一个高效、稳定的Kubernetes集群。