在Debian系统中,dmesg
命令用于显示内核环缓冲区的消息。这些消息包括硬件状态、驱动程序加载和卸载、系统启动过程中的信息以及运行时的警告和错误。以下是一些常见的dmesg
警告信息类型:
PCI设备问题:
[ 0.000000] pci 0000:00:1f.2: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0x90000000-0x9fffffff pref]
[ 0.000000] pci 0000:00:1f.2: BAR 6: failed to remap [mem 0x90000000-0x9fffffff pref]
硬盘驱动问题:
[ 1.234567] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x10 SErr 0x0 action 0xe frozen
[ 1.234568] ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000008
内存错误:
[ 2.345678] EDAC sbridge MC0: HANDLING MCE MEMORY ERROR
[ 2.345679] EDAC sbridge MC0: CPU 0: Machine Check: 0 Bank 7: e00000000001009e
模块加载失败:
[ 3.456789] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 3.456790] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 3.456791] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 3.456792] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 3.456793] scsi host0: usb-storage 2-1.1
[ 3.456794] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA WDC WD10EZEX-00ZCT0 0501 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[ 3.456795] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[ 3.456796] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
驱动程序冲突:
[ 4.567890] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found.
[ 4.567891] i8042: Probing ports directly.
启动失败:
[ 5.678901] [drm:intel_load_state [i915]] *ERROR* Failed to load saved state for i915
硬件初始化失败:
[ 6.789012] i2c-i801 0000:00:1f.3: could not find device @ 0x1e
资源不足:
[ 7.890123] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready
[ 7.890124] r8169 0000:02:00.0 eth0: link up
系统调用错误:
[ 8.901234] kernel: [ 890.123456] audit: type=1400 audit(1633072800.123:47): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.core18.hostapparmor" name="/etc/passwd" pid=1234 comm="core18"
内核模块警告:
[ 9.012345] [drm:intel_crtc_enable [i915]] *ERROR* Failed to set mode on pipe A
网络相关警告:
[ 10.123456] r8169 0000:02:00.0 eth0: link down
[ 10.123457] r8169 0000:02:00.0 eth0: link up
要查看dmesg
日志中的警告信息,可以使用以下命令:
dmesg | grep -i 'warning\|error'
或者使用journalctl
命令查看系统日志中的警告和错误信息:
journalctl -p 1 -xb
这些命令可以帮助你快速定位和解决系统中的问题。