在Debian系统中,DHCP服务器通常使用ISC DHCP Server(也称为isc-dhcp-server
)。要自定义DHCP服务器的行为,可以通过编写脚本并将其集成到DHCP配置中来实现。以下是一些常见的自定义脚本方法:
dhcpd.conf
中的option
和class
你可以在/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
文件中使用option
和class
来定义自定义行为。
class "client-specific" {
match if option hardware = hardware;
pool {
allow members of "client-specific";
range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;
}
}
host specific-client {
hardware ethernet 00:11:22:33:44:55;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4;
}
pre-script
和post-script
ISC DHCP Server支持在租约开始前和结束后执行脚本。你可以在/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
中配置这些脚本。
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.200;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4;
pre-script "/path/to/pre-script.sh";
post-script "/path/to/post-script.sh";
}
pre-script.sh
示例#!/bin/bash
echo "Lease start for $1" >> /var/log/dhcpd.log
# 其他自定义逻辑
post-script.sh
示例#!/bin/bash
echo "Lease end for $1" >> /var/log/dhcpd.log
# 其他自定义逻辑
dhcp-lease-list
和dhcp-lease-show
你可以使用dhcp-lease-list
和dhcp-lease-show
命令来管理和查看DHCP租约,并根据需要执行自定义脚本。
lease_list=$(dhcp-lease-list | grep "00:11:22:33:44:55")
if [ -n "$lease_list" ]; then
/path/to/custom-script.sh $lease_list
fi
dnsmasq
作为DHCP服务器如果你更喜欢使用dnsmasq
,它也支持通过配置文件和脚本来实现自定义行为。
dnsmasq.conf
中使用dhcp-script
dhcp-script=/path/to/dnsmasq-script.sh
dnsmasq-script.sh
示例#!/bin/bash
lease_file="/var/lib/misc/dnsmasq.leases"
mac=$1
ip=$2
case "$3" in
"bound")
echo "Lease bound for $mac with IP $ip" >> /var/log/dnsmasq.log
;;
"released")
echo "Lease released for $mac" >> /var/log/dnsmasq.log
;;
esac
通过以上方法,你可以在Debian系统中自定义ISC DHCP Server的行为,以满足特定的需求。