ubuntu dolphin系统升级

Understanding Dolphin in Ubuntu
Dolphin is the default file manager for the KDE Plasma desktop environment, not Ubuntu’s native GNOME environment. Most Ubuntu installations use GNOME (with Nautilus as the default file manager), but if you’ve installed KDE Plasma (e.g., via sudo apt install kubuntu-desktop), Dolphin becomes your primary file manager. Its updates are tied to the KDE Plasma desktop package, not Ubuntu’s core system.

Updating Dolphin (KDE Plasma Desktop)
Since Dolphin is part of the KDE Plasma ecosystem, updating it requires updating the KDE Plasma desktop and its associated packages. Here’s how:

1. Open Terminal: Press Ctrl + Alt + T to launch the terminal.
2. Update Software Lists: Run sudo apt update to refresh the list of available packages from Ubuntu’s repositories.
3. Upgrade All Installed Packages: Execute sudo apt upgrade to install the latest versions of all installed packages, including Dolphin (if a newer version is available in the repositories).
4. Check for Dolphin Updates: After upgrading, you can verify Dolphin’s version by running dolphin --version or checking the “About Dolphin” option in the file manager’s menu. For more granular control, use apt list --upgradable | grep dolphin to see if a newer version is available.

Upgrading the Entire Ubuntu System
If you want to upgrade Ubuntu to a newer release (e.g., from 24.04 LTS to 24.10), follow these steps. Note that this is separate from updating Dolphin—system upgrades affect the core OS, while Dolphin updates are tied to KDE Plasma.

Prerequisites:

• Backup all important data (documents, photos, configurations) to an external drive or cloud storage.
• Ensure your system is fully updated (run sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y beforehand).

Steps:

1. Install update-manager-core (if missing): This tool manages system upgrades. Run sudo apt install update-manager-core.
2. Configure Release Upgrade Settings: Open the configuration file using sudo nano /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades. Set the Prompt line to:
   • lts: Only upgrade to long-term support (LTS) releases (recommended for stability).
   • normal: Upgrade to any new release (including non-LTS versions).
     Save changes (Ctrl + O, Enter, Ctrl + X).
3. Start the Upgrade: Run sudo do-release-upgrade. The tool will check for available releases and guide you through the process:
   • Follow on-screen instructions to confirm the upgrade.
   • The system will download and install new packages—this may take time depending on your internet speed.
   • You’ll be prompted to restart your computer to apply changes.
4. Post-Upgrade Steps: After restarting, log in and verify the new Ubuntu version with lsb_release -a. Run sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y again to ensure all packages are up to date.

Important Notes

• Backup First: Always back up critical data before performing system upgrades to avoid data loss.
• Stable vs. Development Versions: Avoid using the -d flag with do-release-upgrade unless you intend to install a development or pre-release version of Ubuntu (not recommended for regular users).
• Dolphin Updates Are Tied to KDE Plasma: If you’re using GNOME, Dolphin won’t be available by default. Install KDE Plasma first (sudo apt install kubuntu-desktop) to use Dolphin and benefit from its updates.