tar 打包项目目录,如 tar -czvf project_backup.tar.gz /path/to/java/project;或用 rsync 增量备份,如 rsync -avzh /source /destination。mysqldump 或 pg_dump 导出数据,如 mysqldump -u user -p db_name > backup.sql。cp -a /usr/lib/jvm/jdk /path/to/backup。sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /path/to/backup。tar 解压备份包:tar -xzvf project_backup.tar.gz -C /restore/path。rsync 同步备份数据:rsync -avzh /backup /restore。mysql -u user -p db_name < backup.sql 导入数据。sudo cp -a /path/to/backup/jdk /usr/lib/jvm。sudo cp /path/to/backup/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list,然后运行 sudo apt update。参考来源: