C++ 贪吃蛇如何实现基本功能

下面是一个简单的C++代码示例，实现了贪吃蛇的基本功能，包括初始化游戏界面、控制蛇的移动、判定蛇是否吃到食物、游戏结束等功能。

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

const int width = 20;
const int height = 20;
bool gameOver;
int x, y, fruitX, fruitY, score;
int tailX[100], tailY[100];
int nTail;
enum eDirection { STOP = 0, LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN };
eDirection dir;

void Setup()
{
    gameOver = false;
    dir = STOP;
    x = width / 2;
    y = height / 2;
    fruitX = rand() % width;
    fruitY = rand() % height;
    score = 0;
}

void Draw()
{
    system("cls");
    for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++)
        cout << "#";
    cout << endl;

    for (int i = 0; i < height; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < width; j++)
        {
            if (j == 0)
                cout << "#";
            if (i == y && j == x)
                cout << "O";
            else if (i == fruitY && j == fruitX)
                cout << "F";
            else
            {
                bool print = false;
                for (int k = 0; k < nTail; k++)
                {
                    if (tailX[k] == j && tailY[k] == i)
                    {
                        cout << "o";
                        print = true;
                    }
                }
                if (!print)
                    cout << " ";
            }

            if (j == width - 1)
                cout << "#";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++)
        cout << "#";
    cout << endl;
    cout << "Score: " << score << endl;
}

void Input()
{
    if (_kbhit())
    {
        switch (_getch())
        {
        case 'a':
            dir = LEFT;
            break;
        case 'd':
            dir = RIGHT;
            break;
        case 'w':
            dir = UP;
            break;
        case 's':
            dir = DOWN;
            break;
        case 'x':
            gameOver = true;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void Logic()
{
    int prevX = tailX[0];
    int prevY = tailY[0];
    int prev2X, prev2Y;
    tailX[0] = x;
    tailY[0] = y;
    for (int i = 1; i < nTail; i++)
    {
        prev2X = tailX[i];
        prev2Y = tailY[i];
        tailX[i] = prevX;
        tailY[i] = prevY;
        prevX = prev2X;
        prevY = prev2Y;
    }

    switch (dir)
    {
    case LEFT:
        x--;
        break;
    case RIGHT:
        x++;
        break;
    case UP:
        y--;
        break;
    case DOWN:
        y++;
        break;
    }

    if (x >= width) x = 0; else if (x < 0) x = width - 1;
    if (y >= height) y = 0; else if (y < 0) y = height - 1;

    for (int i = 0; i < nTail; i++)
    {
        if (tailX[i] == x && tailY[i] == y)
            gameOver = true;
    }

    if (x == fruitX && y == fruitY)
    {
        score += 10;
        fruitX = rand() % width;
        fruitY = rand() % height;
        nTail++;
    }
}

int main()
{
    Setup();
    while (!gameOver)
    {
        Draw();
        Input();
        Logic();
        // 控制游戏速度
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++);
    }
    return 0;
}

这段代码实现了一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏，玩家可以通过键盘控制蛇的移动方向，吃到食物后蛇的长度增加，当蛇碰到自己或者墙壁时游戏结束。游戏