在CentOS下进行Fortran程序的并行计算,通常有两种主要方法:使用OpenMP进行多线程并行计算,以及使用MPI进行分布式内存并行计算。以下是具体实现步骤和示例代码:
OpenMP是一种支持多平台共享内存并行编程的API。以下是一个简单的OpenMP示例,展示如何在Fortran中使用OpenMP进行并行计算:
program openmp_example
use omp_lib
implicit none
integer :: i, n
real, allocatable :: array(:), result(:)
integer :: num_threads, thread_id
n = 1000000
allocate(array(n), result(n))
! 初始化数组
array = 1.0
! 设置并行区域
num_threads = omp_get_max_threads()
print *, "Using ", num_threads, " threads for parallel computation."
!$omp parallel do private(thread_id, i)
do i = 1, n
thread_id = omp_get_thread_num()
result(i) = array(i) * 2.0
end do
!$omp end parallel do
! 验证结果
if (all(result == 2.0)) then
print *, "Parallel computation successful."
else
print *, "Error in parallel computation."
end if
deallocate(array, result)
end program openmp_example
编译并运行上述代码:
gfortran -fopenmp -o openmp_example openmp_example.f90
./openmp_example
MPI是一种用于分布式内存系统并行计算的标准。以下是一个简单的MPI示例,展示如何在Fortran中使用MPI进行并行计算:
program mpi_example
use mpi
implicit none
integer :: rank, size, ierr
call mpi_init(ierr)
call mpi_comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, rank, ierr)
call mpi_comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, size, ierr)
print *, 'Hello from process ', rank, ' of ', size
if (rank == 0) then
print *, 'This is the master process.'
else
print *, 'This is a worker process.'
end if
call mpi_finalize(ierr)
end program mpi_example
编译并运行上述代码:
mpif90 -o mpi_example mpi_example.f90
mpirun -np 4 ./mpi_example
通过以上步骤,你可以在CentOS上使用Fortran进行并行计算。根据具体需求选择OpenMP或MPI,并进行相应的编译和运行。