linux

Zookeeper如何实现分布式锁

小樊
56
2025-05-03 21:54:45
栏目: 大数据

ZooKeeper是一个分布式的、开源的分布式应用程序协调服务,它可以用来实现分布式锁。以下是使用ZooKeeper实现分布式锁的基本步骤:

1. 创建锁节点

2. 获取锁

3. 释放锁

4. 处理异常情况

示例代码

以下是一个简单的Java示例,展示了如何使用ZooKeeper实现分布式锁:

import org.apache.zookeeper.*;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

public class DistributedLock {
    private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "localhost:2181";
    private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 3000;
    private static final String LOCK_ROOT = "/locks";
    private static final String LOCK_NODE = LOCK_ROOT + "/lock_";

    private ZooKeeper zk;
    private String lockPath;

    public DistributedLock() throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException {
        zk = new ZooKeeper(ZK_ADDRESS, SESSION_TIMEOUT, event -> {
            // 处理连接事件
        });
        // 确保锁根节点存在
        Stat stat = zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT, false);
        if (stat == null) {
            zk.create(LOCK_ROOT, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
        }
    }

    public void lock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        lockPath = zk.create(LOCK_NODE, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
        while (true) {
            List<String> children = zk.getChildren(LOCK_ROOT, false);
            Collections.sort(children);
            if (lockPath.endsWith(children.get(0))) {
                // 获取到锁
                return;
            } else {
                // 监听前一个节点的删除事件
                String previousNode = getPreviousNode(children, lockPath);
                CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
                zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT + "/" + previousNode, event -> {
                    if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeDeleted) {
                        latch.countDown();
                    }
                });
                latch.await();
            }
        }
    }

    public void unlock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
        if (lockPath != null) {
            zk.delete(lockPath, -1);
            lockPath = null;
        }
    }

    private String getPreviousNode(List<String> children, String currentNode) {
        int index = children.indexOf(currentNode.substring(LOCK_ROOT.length() + 1));
        return index > 0 ? children.get(index - 1) : null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            DistributedLock lock = new DistributedLock();
            lock.lock();
            // 执行业务逻辑
            lock.unlock();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

注意事项

通过以上步骤和示例代码,你可以使用ZooKeeper实现一个基本的分布式锁机制。

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