在Debian系统中配置Python日志通常涉及以下几个步骤:
logging
模块是最常用的日志库。你也可以使用第三方库,如 loguru
或 structlog
,但这里我们主要关注 logging
模块。logging.conf
),或者直接在代码中配置日志。以下是一个简单的配置示例:import logging
import logging.config
logging.config.dictConfig({
'version': 1,
'formatters': {
'standard': {
'format': '%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(name)s: %(message)s'
},
},
'handlers': {
'default': {
'level': 'INFO',
'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
'formatter': 'standard',
},
},
'loggers': {
'': { # root logger
'handlers': ['default'],
'level': 'INFO',
'propagate': True,
},
},
})
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.info('This is an info message')
logger.error('This is an error message')
import logging
import logging.config
logging.config.fileConfig('logging.conf')
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.info('This is an info message')
logger.error('This is an error message')
DEBUG
、INFO
、WARNING
、ERROR
和 CRITICAL
。你可以根据需要设置不同的日志级别。formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
handler.setFormatter(formatter)
StreamHandler
(控制台)、FileHandler
(文件)和 RotatingFileHandler
(滚动文件)。from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler
handler = RotatingFileHandler('app.log', maxBytes=10 * 1024 * 1024, backupCount=5)
handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger = logging.getLogger('my_logger')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
RotatingFileHandler
和 TimedRotatingFileHandler
可以帮助你实现这一点。from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler
handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler('app.log', when='midnight', interval=1, backupCount=7)
handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.addHandler(handler)