在Linux系统中，dmesg（display message或者driver message）是一个用于显示内核启动信息和运行时状态的命令行工具
以下是一些常见的驱动程序信息及其含义：
[驱动名称]：驱动程序的名称。这有助于识别正在加载或已经加载的驱动程序。
[设备名称]：与驱动程序关联的设备名称。这有助于了解驱动程序所控制的硬件设备。
[内存地址]：驱动程序在内存中的起始地址和结束地址。这有助于了解驱动程序所占用的内存空间。
[参数]：驱动程序启动时使用的参数。这些参数可能会影响驱动程序的行为和性能。
[状态]：驱动程序的当前状态，如“正在加载”、“已加载”或“错误”。这有助于了解驱动程序的运行状况。
[错误信息]：如果驱动程序加载失败或遇到问题，dmesg输出中可能会包含错误信息。这些信息有助于诊断问题并找到解决方案。
例如，以下是一个典型的dmesg输出示例：
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset
[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[ 0.000000] Linux version 5.4.0-42-generic (buildd@lgw01-amd64-039) (gcc (Ubuntu 10.2.0-13ubuntu1) 10.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.34) #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 10 00:24:02 UTC 2020
[ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-42-generic root=UUID=xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7
[ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:
[ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel
[ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD
[ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]: 576, xstate_sizes[2]: 256
[ 0.000000] x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x7, context size is 832 bytes, using 'compacted' format.
[ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009ffff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000bff7ffff] usable
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000bff80000-0x00000000bfffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000c0000000-0x00000000cfffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000d0000000-0x00000000d1ffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000d2000000-0x00000000d3ffffff] ACPI data
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000d4000000-0x00000000d5ffffff] ACPI NVS
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000d6000000-0x00000000fbffafff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fcc00000-0x00000000fcc00fff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fd000000-0x00000000fd7fffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fd800000-0x00000000fdffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fe000000-0x00000000fe0fffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ff000000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000041fffffff] usable
[ 0.000000] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[ 0.000000] SMBIOS 2.8 present.
[ 0.000000] DMI: QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS QEMU_EFI 1.2 04/01/2014
[ 0.000000] tsc: Fast TSC calibration using PIT
[ 0.000000] tsc: Detected 2499.999 MHz processor
[ 0.000000] e820: update [mem 0x00000000-0x00000fff] usable ==> reserved
[ 0.000000] e820: remove [mem 0x000a0000-0x000fffff] usable
...
[ 0.123456] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.123456] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.123456] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.123456] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 0.234567] scsi host0: usb-storage 2-1.1:1.0
[ 0.234567] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA WDC WD10EZEX-00Y3A0 0501 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
[ 0.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[ 0.234567] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
在这个示例中，我们可以看到许多与驱动程序相关的信息，如USB、SCSI和硬盘驱动程序。这些信息有助于了解系统中的硬件设备和驱动程序的状态。