在C++中使用pthread库实现线程间通信,可以使用互斥锁(mutex)、条件变量(condition variable)和信号量(semaphore)等同步机制。以下是使用互斥锁和条件变量实现线程间通信的示例代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>
int shared_data = 0;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
pthread_cond_t cond;
void* producer(void* arg) {
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
shared_data = i;
std::cout << "Produced: " << i << std::endl;
pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
sleep(1);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
void* consumer(void* arg) {
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
while(shared_data == 0) {
pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
}
std::cout << "Consumed: " << shared_data << std::endl;
shared_data = 0;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
int main() {
pthread_t producer_thread, consumer_thread;
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
pthread_create(&producer_thread, NULL, producer, NULL);
pthread_create(&consumer_thread, NULL, consumer, NULL);
pthread_join(producer_thread, NULL);
pthread_join(consumer_thread, NULL);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
return 0;
}
在上面的示例代码中,通过互斥锁保护共享数据shared_data,生产者线程将数据写入shared_data,并发送信号通知消费者线程;消费者线程在收到信号后从shared_data中读取数据。通过条件变量实现线程的等待和通知。