如何在Ubuntu上使用PHP进行文件上传 - 问答

在Ubuntu上使用PHP进行文件上传，需要遵循以下步骤：

创建一个HTML表单以允许用户选择要上传的文件。将此代码保存为upload.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        Select file to upload:
        <input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">
        <input type="submit" value="Upload File" name="submit">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

创建一个PHP文件（例如upload.php），用于处理文件上传。将以下代码粘贴到upload.php中：

<?php
$target_dir = "uploads/";
$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);
$uploadOk = 1;
$imageFileType = strtolower(pathinfo($target_file,PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

// Check if image file is an actual image or fake image
if(isset($_POST["submit"])) {
    $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]);
    if($check !== false) {
        echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . ".";
        $uploadOk = 1;
    } else {
        echo "File is not an image.";
        $uploadOk = 0;
    }
}

// Check if file already exists
if (file_exists($target_file)) {
    echo "Sorry, file already exists.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check file size
if ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] > 500000) {
    echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Allow certain file formats
if($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"
&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) {
    echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an error
if ($uploadOk == 0) {
    echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.";
// if everything is ok, try to upload file
} else {
    if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {
        echo "The file ". htmlspecialchars( basename( $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])). " has been uploaded.";
    } else {
        echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";
    }
}
?>

更改$target_dir变量的值，以指定要将文件上传到的目录。在本例中，文件将被上传到名为uploads的目录。
确保uploads目录存在并具有适当的权限。在终端中运行以下命令：

sudo mkdir uploads
sudo chmod 755 uploads

在Web服务器上部署此代码。如果您使用的是Apache，请将upload.html和upload.php文件放入Apache的默认文档根目录（例如/var/www/html）。
使用Web浏览器访问upload.html文件（例如，通过访问http://your_server_ip/upload.html），然后尝试上传一个文件。如果一切正常，您应该能够看到文件已成功上传的消息。

请注意，这只是一个简单的示例，实际应用中可能需要更严格的错误处理和安全性检查。在生产环境中，还需要考虑诸如文件名冲突解决、存储限制、用户身份验证等方面。

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