在Scrapy中实现请求节流可以通过在middlewares中添加一个延迟处理器来实现。这个延迟处理器可以设置每个请求之间的延迟时间,以控制请求的速率。
下面是一个简单的middlewares示例,可以用来实现请求节流:
from scrapy import signals
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
import time
class ThrottleMiddleware:
def __init__(self, delay):
self.delay = delay
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
delay = crawler.settings.getfloat('DOWNLOAD_DELAY')
return cls(delay)
def process_request(self, request, spider):
time.sleep(self.delay)
def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
return response
在settings.py中添加以下配置项:
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.5
然后在middlewares.py中添加ThrottleMiddleware类,并在settings.py中启用中间件:
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'myproject.middlewares.ThrottleMiddleware': 543,
}
这样,每个请求都会在发送之前被延迟0.5秒,实现了请求节流的效果。您可以根据需要调整延迟时间。