在Debian系统中,readdir
是一个用于读取目录内容的系统调用。要利用 readdir
实现文件同步,你需要编写一个程序来遍历源目录和目标目录,比较文件列表,并根据需要复制或删除文件以使两个目录保持同步。
以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用 readdir
在C语言中实现基本的文件同步功能:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void sync_directories(const char *src, const char *dest);
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <source_directory> <destination_directory>\n", argv[0]);
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
const char *source = argv[1];
const char *destination = argv[2];
sync_directories(source, destination);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
void sync_directories(const char *src, const char *dest) {
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *entry;
struct stat file_stat;
char src_path[PATH_MAX], dest_path[PATH_MAX];
if (!(dir = opendir(src))) {
perror("opendir");
return;
}
while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
// Skip current and parent directory entries
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
snprintf(src_path, sizeof(src_path), "%s/%s", src, entry->d_name);
snprintf(dest_path, sizeof(dest_path), "%s/%s", dest, entry->d_name);
if (stat(src_path, &file_stat) == -1) {
perror("stat");
continue;
}
if (S_ISDIR(file_stat.st_mode)) {
// Directory found, recursively sync
if (access(dest_path, F_OK) == -1) {
// Destination directory does not exist, create it
mkdir(dest_path, file_stat.st_mode);
}
sync_directories(src_path, dest_path);
} else {
// File found, check if it needs to be copied or updated
if (access(dest_path, F_OK) == -1) {
// Destination file does not exist, copy it
FILE *src_file = fopen(src_path, "rb");
FILE *dest_file = fopen(dest_path, "wb");
if (src_file && dest_file) {
char buffer[4096];
size_t bytes_read;
while ((bytes_read = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), src_file)) > 0) {
fwrite(buffer, 1, bytes_read, dest_file);
}
fclose(src_file);
fclose(dest_file);
} else {
perror("file copy");
}
} else {
// Destination file exists, compare and update if necessary
FILE *src_file = fopen(src_path, "rb");
FILE *dest_file = fopen(dest_path, "rb");
if (src_file && dest_file) {
fseek(src_file, 0, SEEK_END);
fseek(dest_file, 0, SEEK_END);
if (ftell(src_file) != ftell(dest_file)) {
// File sizes are different, copy the updated file
fseek(dest_file, 0, SEEK_SET);
char buffer[4096];
size_t bytes_read;
while ((bytes_read = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), src_file)) > 0) {
fwrite(buffer, 1, bytes_read, dest_file);
}
}
fclose(src_file);
fclose(dest_file);
} else {
perror("file compare");
}
}
}
}
closedir(dir);
// Remove files from the destination that are not in the source
dir = opendir(dest);
while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
snprintf(dest_path, sizeof(dest_path), "%s/%s", dest, entry->d_name);
if (access(src_path, F_OK) == -1) {
// File does not exist in the source, delete it from the destination
remove(dest_path);
}
}
closedir(dir);
}
这个程序接受两个命令行参数:源目录和目标目录。它会递归地遍历源目录中的所有文件和子目录,并将它们同步到目标目录。如果目标目录中不存在某个文件或目录,程序会创建它们。如果目标目录中存在但源目录中不存在的文件,程序会删除它们。
请注意,这个示例程序没有处理所有可能的边缘情况,例如符号链接、设备文件、权限问题等。在实际使用中,你可能需要根据具体情况添加额外的错误处理和功能。此外,这个程序也没有实现增量同步或日志记录等功能,这些功能在生产环境中可能是必要的。
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