CentOS上Fortran图形界面库推荐

GTK+ (gtk-fortran Bindings)
GTK+ is a widely used cross-platform graphical user interface toolkit that supports Fortran development on CentOS through the gtk-fortran package. This binding allows direct integration of Fortran code with GTK+ widgets, enabling the creation of modern, responsive interfaces.

• Installation: Install GTK+ development libraries and Fortran bindings via sudo yum install gtk2-devel gtk-fortran (for GTK2) or sudo yum install gtk3-devel (for GTK3, requires manual binding setup).
• Usage: Write Fortran programs using GTK+ functions (e.g., creating windows, buttons) and compile with gfortran -o program program.f90 \pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk±2.0`` (adjust for GTK3).
• Pros: Mature, feature-rich, and cross-platform; integrates well with GNOME desktop environments.
• Cons: GTK3 support requires additional configuration (e.g., updating pkg-config paths) as native Fortran bindings may lag behind C-based GTK3 updates.

Qt (via C++ Bindings and Fortran Interoperability)
Qt is a powerful cross-platform framework for building GUIs, but it lacks native Fortran bindings. However, you can use Fortran’s interoperability with C++ to integrate Qt: write GUI components in C++ (using Qt Creator) and call them from Fortran using iso_c_binding.

• Installation: Install Qt development tools and libraries via sudo yum install qt5-qtbase-devel.
• Usage: Develop C++ GUI code (e.g., a Qt Widgets application), compile it into a shared library (.so), and link it with Fortran using gfortran -o program program.f90 -L/path/to/qt/libs -lQt5Widgets -lQt5Core -lQt5Gui.
• Pros: Highly customizable, supports advanced UI features (e.g., animations, QML); works well with CentOS’s Qt-based applications.
• Cons: Requires C++ expertise; more complex setup than GTK+ due to interoperability.

FLTK (Fast Light Toolkit)
FLTK is a lightweight, cross-platform C++ GUI toolkit that includes Fortran bindings (fltk-fortran). It is designed for simplicity and performance, making it suitable for scientific and engineering applications.

• Installation: Install FLTK development libraries and Fortran bindings via sudo yum install fltk-devel fltk-fortran.
• Usage: Write Fortran programs using FLTK functions (e.g., creating windows, buttons) and compile with gfortran -o program program.f90 -lfltk_gtk -lfltk (for GTK integration) or -lfltk (for standalone).
• Pros: Lightweight, fast, and easy to learn; minimal dependencies.
• Cons: Limited modern UI features compared to GTK+ or Qt; fewer community resources for Fortran-specific issues.

EMWin (SEGGER)
EMWin is a commercial embedded GUI library optimized for resource-constrained systems. While primarily targeting embedded devices, it can be used on CentOS for Fortran development with proper setup.

• Installation: Download and install EMWin from SEGGER’s website; follow documentation for Linux/centOS compatibility.
• Usage: Use EMWin’s Fortran-compatible API to create windows, dialogs, and controls; compile with provided libraries (e.g., gfortran -o program program.f90 -lEMWin).
• Pros: High performance, supports hardware acceleration; suitable for real-time applications.
• Cons: Commercial license required (no free tier); limited documentation for non-embedded use cases.

Silverfrost Ftn95 (Commercial)
Silverfrost Ftn95 is a Fortran compiler and development environment for Windows, offering libraries like ClearWin for GUI development. While not natively available on CentOS, you can use Wine or a virtual machine to run the environment.

• Installation: Purchase and install Silverfrost Ftn95 on Windows; use Wine to run on CentOS (not recommended for production).
• Usage: Write Fortran code using ClearWin procedures (e.g., CALL SWINDOW to create windows) and compile with Silverfrost’s compiler.
• Pros: Integrated development environment (Photran plugin for Eclipse); supports Windows-specific features.
• Cons: Windows-centric; requires Wine/virtualization for CentOS; expensive license.