使用 readdir 实现目录同步的基本思路是遍历源目录和目标目录,比较两者的文件和子目录,并根据需要进行创建、删除或更新操作。以下是一个使用 C 语言和 readdir 函数实现目录同步的示例代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
// 函数声明
void sync_directory(const char *src, const char *dst);
int is_directory(const char *path);
void copy_file(const char *src, const char *dst);
void remove_file(const char *path);
void create_directory(const char *path);
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <source_directory> <destination_directory>
", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
const char *src_dir = argv[1];
const char *dst_dir = argv[2];
sync_directory(src_dir, dst_dir);
return 0;
}
void sync_directory(const char *src, const char *dst) {
DIR *src_dir = opendir(src);
if (!src_dir) {
perror("opendir");
return;
}
struct dirent *entry;
while ((entry = readdir(src_dir)) != NULL) {
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
char src_path[1024], dst_path[1024];
snprintf(src_path, sizeof(src_path), "%s/%s", src, entry->d_name);
snprintf(dst_path, sizeof(dst_path), "%s/%s", dst, entry->d_name);
struct stat src_stat, dst_stat;
if (stat(src_path, &src_stat) == -1 || stat(dst_path, &dst_stat) == -1) {
perror("stat");
continue;
}
if (S_ISDIR(src_stat.st_mode)) {
if (!is_directory(dst_path)) {
printf("Creating directory: %s
", dst_path);
create_directory(dst_path);
}
sync_directory(src_path, dst_path);
} else {
if (S_ISDIR(dst_stat.st_mode)) {
printf("Removing directory: %s
", dst_path);
remove_directory(dst_path);
}
if (src_stat.st_mtime > dst_stat.st_mtime) {
printf("Copying file: %s -> %s
", src_path, dst_path);
copy_file(src_path, dst_path);
}
}
}
closedir(src_dir);
// 删除目标目录中存在但源目录中不存在的文件
DIR *dst_dir = opendir(dst);
if (!dst_dir) {
perror("opendir");
return;
}
while ((entry = readdir(dst_dir)) != NULL) {
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
char dst_path[1024];
snprintf(dst_path, sizeof(dst_path), "%s/%s", dst, entry->d_name);
struct stat dst_stat;
if (stat(dst_path, &dst_stat) == -1) {
perror("stat");
continue;
}
char src_path[1024];
snprintf(src_path, sizeof(src_path), "%s/%s", src, entry->d_name);
if (!is_directory(src_path)) {
printf("Removing file: %s
", dst_path);
remove_file(dst_path);
}
}
closedir(dst_dir);
}
int is_directory(const char *path) {
struct stat statbuf;
return stat(path, &statbuf) == 0 && S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode);
}
void copy_file(const char *src, const char *dst) {
FILE *src_file = fopen(src, "rb");
FILE *dst_file = fopen(dst, "wb");
if (!src_file || !dst_file) {
perror("fopen");
return;
}
char buffer[1024];
size_t bytes_read;
while ((bytes_read = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), src_file)) > 0) {
fwrite(buffer, 1, bytes_read, dst_file);
}
fclose(src_file);
fclose(dst_file);
}
void remove_file(const char *path) {
if (remove(path) != 0) {
perror("remove");
}
}
void create_directory(const char *path) {
if (mkdir(path, 0755) != 0) {
perror("mkdir");
}
}
opendir 和 readdir 遍历源目录和目标目录。stat 函数获取文件和目录的信息,并进行比较。请根据实际需求进行调整和扩展。