Debian 11(Bullseye)网络配置指南
名称纠正与准备
ip addr 或 ls /sys/class/net。sudo cp /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces.bak。方法一 使用 /etc/network/interfaces 配置(传统方式)
sudo nano /etc/network/interfacesauto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
sudo systemctl restart networkingauto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
sudo systemctl restart networking方法二 使用 NetworkManager 配置(桌面/灵活管理)
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y network-manager
sudo systemctl enable --now NetworkManagernmcli device status、nmcli connection showsudo nmcli con mod eth0 ipv4.method manual \
ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.100/24 \
ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1 \
ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4"
sudo nmcli con down eth0 && sudo nmcli con up eth0sudo nmtui/etc/network/interfaces 管理该接口,建议将对应接口在 interfaces 中设为 manual 或移出,避免冲突。方法三 无线与 WPA 配置(使用 wpa_supplicant)
sudo apt install -y wpasupplicant wireless-toolswpa_passphrase "YourSSID" "YourPassword" | sudo tee /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/network/interfaces 中为无线接口(如 wlan0)添加:auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet dhcp
wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
sudo systemctl restart networkingnmcli/nmtui 配置 Wi‑Fi,更简便。验证与常见问题
ip addr show dev eth0ip route(应看到默认路由 default via 192.168.1.1)ping -c 4 8.8.8.8(网络层),ping -c 4 debian.org(DNS/应用层)ip addr 确认实际名称(如 ens18),并替换配置中的接口名。/etc/network/interfaces 的 iface inet static 段使用 dns-nameservers;或检查 /etc/resolv.conf 是否被 resolvconf/NetworkManager 管理。