Python面向对象封装操作案例详解

class Person:
  """人类"""

  def __init__(self, name, weight):

    self.name = name
    self.weight = weight

  def __str__(self):

    return "我的名字叫 %s 体重 %.2f 公斤" % (self.name, self.weight)

  def run(self):
    """跑步"""

    print("%s 爱跑步，跑步锻炼身体" % self.name)
    self.weight -= 0.5

  def eat(self):
    """吃东西"""

    print("%s 是吃货，吃完这顿再减肥" % self.name)
    self.weight += 1


xiaoming = Person("小明", 75)

xiaoming.run()
xiaoming.eat()
xiaoming.eat()

print(xiaoming)

class HouseItem:

  def __init__(self, name, area):
    """

    :param name: 家具名称
    :param area: 占地面积
    """
    self.name = name
    self.area = area

  def __str__(self):
    return "[%s] 占地面积 %.2f" % (self.name, self.area)


# 1. 创建家具
bed = HouseItem("席梦思", 4)
chest = HouseItem("衣柜", 2)
table = HouseItem("餐桌", 1.5)

print(bed)
print(chest)
print(table)

class House:

  def __init__(self, house_type, area):
    """

    :param house_type: 户型
    :param area: 总面积
    """
    self.house_type = house_type
    self.area = area
    
    # 剩余面积默认和总面积一致
    self.free_area = area
    # 默认没有任何的家具
    self.item_list = []

  def __str__(self):

    # Python 能够自动的将一对括号内部的代码连接在一起
    return ("户型：%s\n总面积：%.2f[剩余：%.2f]\n家具：%s"
        % (self.house_type, self.area,
          self.free_area, self.item_list))

  def add_item(self, item):

    print("要添加 %s" % item)

...

# 2. 创建房子对象
my_home = House("两室一厅", 60)

my_home.add_item(bed)
my_home.add_item(chest)
my_home.add_item(table)

print(my_home)

  def add_item(self, item):

    print("要添加 %s" % item)
    # 1. 判断家具面积是否大于剩余面积
    if item.area > self.free_area:
      print("%s 的面积太大，不能添加到房子中" % item.name)

      return

    # 2. 将家具的名称追加到名称列表中
    self.item_list.append(item.name)

    # 3. 计算剩余面积
    self.free_area -= item.area