您好,登录后才能下订单哦!
下文给大家带来基于直接路由模式(DR)的负载均衡群集的概述及其构建,希望能够给大家在实际运用中带来一定的帮助,负载均衡涉及的东西比较多,理论也不多,网上有很多书籍,今天我们就用亿速云在行业内累计的经验来做一个解答。
一、开始配置DR模式LVS
准备工作:
Centos 7操作系统四台;
Centos01模拟Web1云服务器:IP地址/192.168.100.10
Centos02模拟Web2服务器:IP地址/192.168.100.20
Centos03模拟NFS服务器: IP地址/192.168.100.30
Centos05模拟LVS服务器: IP地址/192.168.100.50
Windows 客户端一台;
[root@centos05 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32:0 <!--复制网卡配置文件-->
[root@centos05 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32:0
<!--配置VIP地址网卡,设置VIP地址为192.168.100.253-->
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens32:0 <!--修改名字-->
DEVICE=ens32:0 <!--修改名字-->
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.253 <!--修改IP地址-->
NATEMASK=255.255.255.0
[root@centos05 ~]# systemctl restart network <!--重启网卡服务-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ifconfig <!--查看是否配置成功-->
ens32: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe16:c54b prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:16:c5:4b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2795 bytes 1095013 (1.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1371 bytes 182001 (177.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens32:0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.253 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
ether 00:0c:29:16:c5:4b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
[root@centos05 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
<!--修改LVS服务器的内核配置文件支持DR模式-->
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0
net.ipv4.conf.ens32.send_redirects = 0
[root@centos05 ~]# sysctl -p <!--刷新-->
[root@centos05 ~]# modprobe ip_vs <!--加载ip_vs模块-->
[root@centos05 ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm <!--安装ipvsadm工具-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ipvsadm -C <!--清除原有策略-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.100.253:80 -s rr <!--配置调度服务器IP地址-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.100.253:80 -r 192.168.100.10:80 -g -w 1
<!--添加物理服务器-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.100.253:80 -r 192.168.100.20:80 -g -w 1
<!--添加物理服务器-->
[root@centos05 ~]# ipvsadm-save > /etc/sysconfig/ipvsadm <!--导出策略备份-->
[root@centos04 ~]# ipvsadm -ln <!--确认群集当前策略-->
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.100.253:80 rr
-> 192.168.100.10:80 Route 1 0 0
-> 192.168.100.20:80 Route 1 0 0
[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install httpd <!--安装http服务-->
[root@centos01 ~]# echo "www.benet.com" > /var/www/html/index.html
<!--准备测试网页,等看到负载均衡的效果后,再挂载共享存储设备-->
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl start httpd <!--启动http服务-->
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl enable httpd <!--设置为开机自启动-->
[root@centos01 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0 <!--生成虚拟网卡-->
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0
<!--编辑虚拟网卡监听地址为lvs服务器的VIP地址-->
DEVICE=lo:0
IPADDR=192.168.100.253
NETMASK=255.255.255.255
ONBOOT=yes
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart network <!--重启网卡服务-->
[root@centos01 ~]# ifconfig <!--查看配置是否生效-->
lo:0: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 192.168.100.253 netmask 255.255.255.255
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf <!--修改web服务器ARP响应-->
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
[root@centos01 ~]# sysctl -p <!--刷新-->
[root@centos02 ~]# yum -y install httpd <!--安装http服务-->
[root@centos02 ~]# echo "www.accp.com" > /var/www/html/index.html
<!--准备测试网页,等看到负载均衡的效果后,再挂载共享存储设备-->
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl start httpd <!--启动http服务-->
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl enable httpd <!--设置为开机自启动-->
[root@centos01 ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf root@192.168.100.20:/etc/
<!--拷贝第一台web服务器/etc/sysctl.conf配置文件到第二台web服务器的/etc/目录下-->
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.30 (192.168.100.20)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:PUueT9fU9QbsyNB5NC5hbSXzaWxxQavBxXmfoknXl4I.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:6d:f7:95:0e:51:1a:d8:9e:7b:b6:3f:58:51:51:4b:3b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.20' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.20's password:
sysctl.conf
[root@centos01 ~]# scp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo:0
<!--拷贝lo:0网卡配置文件到第二台web服务器--> root@192.168.100.20:/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
root@192.168.100.20's password:
ifcfg-lo:0 100% 70 177.3KB/s 00:00
[root@centos02 ~]# sysctl -p <!--在第二台web服务器更新配置-->
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl restart network <!--第二台web服务器重启网卡服务-->
客户端配置和服务器同网段IP地址,浏览器访问http://192.168.100.253
关闭浏览器删除缓存,重新访问就会得到一个新的页面,实现了负载均衡
[root@centos03 ~]# yum -y install rpcbind nfs-utils <!--安装NFS系统-->
[root@centos03 ~]# mkdir /web <!--创建共享网站根目录文件-->
[root@centos03 ~]# echo "www.nfs.com" > /web/index.html <!--网站主页写入测试数据-->
[root@centos03 ~]# vim /etc/exports <!--修改nfs主配置文件共享/web目录,
允许100.10读取共享目录, 100.20允许读取和写入共享目录-->
/web 192.168.100.10(ro) 192.168.100.20(rw)
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind <!--启动rpcbind-->
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl start nfs <!--启动nfs服务-->
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind <!--设置开机自动启动-->
[root@centos03 ~]# systemctl enable nfs <!--设置开机自动启动-->
[root@centos03 ~]# showmount -e 192.168.100.30 <!--查看共享目录-->
Export list for 192.168.100.30:
/web 192.168.100.20,192.168.100.10
[root@centos01 ~]# mount 192.168.100.30:/web /var/www/html/
<!--挂载共享目录到网站服务器的根目录-->
[root@centos01 ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <!--查看是否挂载成功-->
www.nfs.com
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart httpd <!--重启httpd服务-->
[root@centos02 ~]# mount 192.168.100.30:/web /var/www/html/
<!--挂载共享目录到网站服务器的根目录-->
[root@centos02 ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <!--查看是否挂载成功-->
www.nfs.com
[root@centos02 ~]# systemctl restart httpd <!--重启httpd服务-->
使用tail -f /var/log/httpd/access.log查看访问成功日志,一定要想监听再去访问才可以看到效果
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
192.168.100.30:/web /var/www/html/ nsf defaults 0 0
[root@centos02 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
192.168.100.30:/web /var/www/html/ nsf defaults 0 0
看了以上关于基于直接路由模式(DR)的负载均衡群集的概述及其构建,如果大家还有什么地方需要了解的可以在亿速云行业资讯里查找自己感兴趣的或者找我们的专业技术工程师解答的,亿速云技术工程师在行业内拥有十几年的经验了。
免责声明:本站发布的内容(图片、视频和文字)以原创、转载和分享为主,文章观点不代表本网站立场,如果涉及侵权请联系站长邮箱:is@yisu.com进行举报,并提供相关证据,一经查实,将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。