如何对Kubernetes进行多节点部署

这篇文章给大家分享的是有关Kubernetes多节点部署的内容。小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家学习。如下资料是关于Kubernetes多节点部署的内容。

环境准备

资源包链接:

https://pan.baidu.com/s/183G9ZzBNdcUUFV7Y8-K4CQ 

提取码：6z0j 

一、部署Master2

1.远程复制master的相关目录

• 关闭防火墙及安全功能

systemctl stop firewalld.service
setenforce 0

• 复制kubernetes目录到master2

scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.142.120:/opt

• 复制etcd目录到master2(内含证书)

scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.142.120:/opt

• 复制服务启动脚本到master2

scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler}.service root@192.168.142.120:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

2.修改kube-apiserver配置文件

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver

#将第5和7行IP地址改为master2主机的地址
--bind-address=192.168.142.120 \
--advertise-address=192.168.142.120 \

3.启动服务并设定开机自启

systemctl start kube-apiserver.service 
systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service

systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service 
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service

systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service

4.追加环境变量并生效

vim /etc/profile
#末尾追加
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

source /etc/profile

5.查看node节点

kubectl get node

NAME              STATUS   ROLES    AGE     VERSION
192.168.142.130   Ready    <none>   10d12h   v1.12.3
192.168.142.131   Ready    <none>   10d11h   v1.12.3

二、Nginx负载均衡部署-keeplived服务

1.在lbm&lbb端的操作,安装nginx服务

• 把nginx.sh和keepalived.conf脚本拷贝到家目录(后面会用到)

#nginx.sh

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo << EOF
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
EOF

stream {

   log_format  main  '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log  main;

    upstream k8s-apiserver {
        server 10.0.0.3:6443;
        server 10.0.0.8:6443;
    }
    server {
                listen 6443;
                proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
    }
    }

#keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived 

global_defs { 
   # 接收邮件地址 
   notification_email { 
     acassen@firewall.loc 
     failover@firewall.loc 
     sysadmin@firewall.loc 
   } 
   # 邮件发送地址 
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc  
   smtp_server 127.0.0.1 
   smtp_connect_timeout 30 
   router_id NGINX_MASTER 
} 

vrrp_script check_nginx {
    script "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/check_nginx.sh"
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
    state MASTER 
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例，每个实例是唯一的 
    priority 100    # 优先级，备服务器设置 90 
    advert_int 1    # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间，默认1秒 
    authentication { 
        auth_type PASS      
        auth_pass 1111 
    }  
    virtual_ipaddress { 
        10.0.0.188/24 
    } 
    track_script {
        check_nginx
    } 
}

mkdir /usr/local/nginx/sbin/ -p
vim /usr/local/nginx/sbin/check_nginx.sh

count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$")

if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/sbin/check_nginx.sh

• 编辑nginx.repo文件

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0

• 安装nginx服务

yum install nginx -y

• 添加四层转发

vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#在第12行下追加以下内容
stream {

   log_format  main  '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log  main;

    upstream k8s-apiserver {
        server 192.168.142.129:6443;        #此处为master的ip地址
        server 192.168.142.120:6443;        #此处为master2的ip地址
    }
    server {
                listen 6443;
                proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
    }
    }

2.部署keeplived服务

#安装keepalived
yum install keepalived -y

复制前面的keepalived.conf配置文件，覆盖安装后原有的配置文件
cp keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh"      #18行,目录改为/etc/nginx/，脚本后写
interface ens33     #23行,eth0改为ens33，此处的网卡名称可以使用ifconfig命令查询
virtual_router_id 51        #24行,vrrp路由ID实例，每个实例是唯一的
priority 100            #25行,优先级，备服务器设置90
virtual_ipaddress {     #31行,
192.168.142.20/24   #32行,vip地址改为之前设定好的192.168.142.20
#38行以下全部删除

vim /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh
#统计数量       
count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$")    #统计数量
#匹配为0，关闭keepalived服务
if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then
    systemctl stop keepalived
fi

chmod +x /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh

#启动服务
systemctl start keepalived

• 查看地址信息

ip a

# lbm地址信息

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:11:2a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.142.140/24 brd 192.168.142.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.142.20/24 scope global secondary ens33  //漂移地址在lb01中
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::53ba:daab:3e22:e711/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#lbb地址信息

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:c9:9d:88 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.142.150/24 brd 192.168.142.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::55c0:6788:9feb:550d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

• 验证地址漂移

#停止lbm端的nginx服务
pkill nginx

#查看服务状态
systemctl status nginx
systemctl status keepalived.service

#此时判断条件若为0，keepalived服务则是停止的
ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$"

• 查看地址信息

ip a

# lbm地址信息

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:11:2a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.142.140/24 brd 192.168.142.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::53ba:daab:3e22:e711/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#lbb地址信息

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:c9:9d:88 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.142.150/24 brd 192.168.142.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.142.20/24 scope global secondary ens33  //漂移地址在lb01中
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::55c0:6788:9feb:550d/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

• 恢复操作

#在lbm端启动nginx和keepalived服务
systemctl start nginx
systemctl start keepalived

• 漂移地址回归lbm端

ip a

# lbm地址信息

2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:11:2a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.142.140/24 brd 192.168.142.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.142.20/24 scope global secondary ens33  //漂移地址在lb01中
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::53ba:daab:3e22:e711/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

三、node节点修改配置文件统一VIP（bootstrap.kubeconfig,kubelet.kubeconfig）

cd /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
#配置文件统一修改为VIP
vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig

server: https://192.168.142.20:6443     
#第5行改为Vip的地址

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.142.20:6443 
#第5行改为Vip的地址

vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
server: https://192.168.142.20:6443     
#第5行改为Vip的地址

• 替换完成后自检

grep 20 *

bootstrap.kubeconfig:    server: https://192.168.142.20:6443
kubelet.kubeconfig:    server: https://192.168.142.20:6443
kube-proxy.kubeconfig:    server: https://192.168.142.20:6443

• 在lb01上查看nginx的k8s日志

tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log

192.168.142.140 192.168.142.129:6443 - [08/Feb/2020:19:20:40 +0800] 200 1119
192.168.142.140 192.168.142.120:6443 - [08/Feb/2020:19:20:40 +0800] 200 1119
192.168.142.150 192.168.142.129:6443 - [08/Feb/2020:19:20:44 +0800] 200 1120
192.168.142.150 192.168.142.120:6443 - [08/Feb/2020:19:20:44 +0800] 200 1120

四、创建Pod

• 测试创建Pod

kubectl run nginx --image=nginx

• 查看状态

kubectl get pods

• 绑定群集中的匿名用户赋予管理员权限(解决日志不可看问题)

kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous

• 查看Pod网络

kubectl get pods -o wid

五、创建UI显示界面

• 在master1上创建dashborad工作目录

mkdir /k8s/dashboard

cd /k8s/dashboard
#上传官方的文件到该目录中

• 创建页面，注意顺序

#授权访问api
kubectl create -f dashboard-rbac.yaml

#进行加密
kubectl create -f dashboard-secret.yaml

#配置应用
kubectl create -f dashboard-configmap.yaml

#控制器
kubectl create -f dashboard-controller.yaml

#发布出去进行访问
kubectl create -f dashboard-service.yaml

• 完成后查看创建在指定的kube-system命名空间下

kubectl get pods -n kube-system

• 查看如何访问

kubectl get pods,svc -n kube-system

• 在浏览器中输入nodeIP地址就可以访问(谷歌浏览器无法访问题解决方法)

1.在master端操作,编写进行证书自签

vim dashboard-cert.sh

cat > dashboard-csr.json <<EOF
{
   "CN": "Dashboard",
   "hosts": [],
   "key": {
       "algo": "rsa",
       "size": 2048
   },
   "names": [
       {
           "C": "CN",
           "L": "NanJing",
           "ST": "NanJing"
       }
   ]
}
EOF

K8S_CA=$1
cfssl gencert -ca=$K8S_CA/ca.pem -ca-key=$K8S_CA/ca-key.pem -config=$K8S_CA/ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes dashboard-csr.json | cfssljson -bare dashboard
kubectl delete secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kube-system
kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=./ -n kube-system

2.重新应用新的自签证书

bash dashboard-cert.sh /root/k8s/apiserver/

3.修改yaml文件

vim dashboard-controller.yaml
#在47行下追加以下内容
          - --tls-key-file=dashboard-key.pem
          - --tls-cert-file=dashboard.pem

4.重新进行部署

kubectl apply -f dashboard-controller.yaml

5.生成登录令牌

• 生成令牌

kubectl create -f k8s-admin.yaml

• 将令牌保存

kubectl get secret -n kube-system

NAME                               TYPE                                  DATA   AGE
dashboard-admin-token-drs7c        kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      60s
default-token-mmvcg                kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      55m
kubernetes-dashboard-certs         Opaque                                10     10m
kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder    Opaque                                2      23m
kubernetes-dashboard-token-crqvs   kubernetes.io/service-account-token   3      23m

• 查看令牌

kubectl describe secret dashboard-admin-token-drs7c -n kube-system

6.复制粘贴令牌后,登录到UI界面

看完这篇文章，你们学会Kubernetes多节点部署的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！